枯草芽胞杆菌发酵玉米秸秆后对家蝇的饲养效果  

Effect of corn straw fermentation by Bacillus subtilis on rearing Musca domestica (Diptera:Muscidae)

作　　者：李志豪[1] 漆学伟 刘颖[1] 陈振中[1] 牛长缨[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《生物资源》2017年第6期448-454,共7页Biotic Resources

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503137)

摘　　要：作物秸秆是重要的农业资源,为有效利用作物秸秆,本文利用枯草芽胞杆菌发酵玉米秸秆,配制成人工饲料来饲养家蝇。从菌液加入量和发酵天数来考察对家蝇饲养效果的影响,结果表明:枯草芽胞杆菌菌液加入量为3 mL(3.2×10^(11)cfu/mL),发酵天数3d时对家蝇饲养效果较好,幼虫质量为16.91g,与不加菌液的对照组(13.30g)相比存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。经过枯草芽胞杆菌发酵和家蝇幼虫处理后,玉米秸秆的纤维素、半纤维素、木质素的绝对含量都显著降低(P<0.05)。经过家蝇取食后的饲料残渣,经检测,有机质等均达到国家标准。最优家蝇饲料配方为:枯草芽胞杆菌菌液加入量3mL(3.2×10^(11) cfu/mL),发酵天数3d,玉米秸秆和麦麸各125g,每250g饲料添加初孵幼虫200mg。本研究利用枯草芽胞杆菌发酵玉米秸秆,提高其营养价值,并进一步饲养家蝇,为秸秆的资源化利用和家蝇规模化饲养奠定了基础。Crop straw is a very important agricultural resource in China. In order to effectively use this resource, corn straw was fermented by Bacillus subtilis, and then used as an artificial diet for rearing of housefly, Musca domestica （Diptera： Muscidae）. The results suggested that the recommended inoculation amount of 13. subtilis is 3 mL （3.2×10^11 cfu/mL） per 125 g corn straw and 125 g wheat bran for a 3 day fermentation. It resulted in the larva of 16.91 g, which was significantly different from control （13.30 g） without treatments of B. subtilis （P〈0. 05）. After B. subtilis fermentation and larval feeding, the absolute content of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in corn straw were decreased significantly （P〈0.05）. After feeding, the content of organic matter in feed residue reached the national standard. The optimum formulation for rearing houseflies was as follows： corn straw and wheat bran were mixed 125 g respectively, then fermented with 3 mL （3.2×10^11 cfu/mL） B. subtilis for 3 days, and finally 200 mg newly-hatched larvae were introduced into 250 g diet. In conclusion, corn straw can be utilized for feeding housefly larvae after fermented with B. subtilis. This study lays the foundation for a resourceful use of crop straw and mass- rearing of the housefly.

关 键 词：枯草芽胞杆菌 玉米秸秆 家蝇 有机肥 

分 类 号：S39[农业科学—农艺学]