集装箱“未按约定出现”怎么办  

How to resolve the issue of container “no-shows”

作　　者：Hugh R.Morley 

出　　处：《中国远洋海运》2017年第12期56-57,9,共2页Maritime China

摘　　要：发货人、船公司和分析师已启动新方案解决集装箱＂未按约定出现＂的问题。如果约定货物未按时抵达,船只可能部分空舱离港,如果货物超额预定,部分集装箱可能被甩在码头。更准确的预测,例如纽约航运交易所（NYSHEX）等建立的数字管理平台、不良行为罚款以及预定流程中的更高可视性等措施都曾被尝试。Shippers, carriers, and analysts have launched new efforts to resolve the issue of container "no-shows." Vessels may leave port partly empty when promised cargo doesn't arrive; if cargo is overbooked, containers may be left on the dock. Better forecasting; digital management platforms, such as the New York Shipping Exchange(NYSHEX); penalties for bad behavior; and greater visibility in the booking process are just some of the strategies tested. Industry analysts, start-ups, shippers searching for ways to increase certainty in their supply chains, and cash-strapped carriers desperate to improve efficiency are all looking to reduce so-called no-shows. Shippers face no penalty for booking a certain volume of cargo on a ship, and then failing to send it; and carriers face little retribution for leaving containers on the dock that they have committed to shipping. The two behaviors, and the apparent disregard for the impact on the other party, fuel an unwillingness to take steps to change a system that clearly has negative effects on both parties. Carriers end up operating ships with plenty of empty space, and shippers have to scramble to make alternative arrangements to get their cargo to its destination if containers are left on the dock. The analyst suggested that could be achieved with a "network capacity management platform" that shares information between carriers and shippers and NVOs. That would enable shippers and NVOs to book cargo on a vessel with "real-time" information that would enable them to see whether space is available for cargo of the specifications they are trying to send — rather than the current system of booking and then waiting a day or two for confirmation that the space is available, the analyst said.

关 键 词：航运交易所 发货人 船公 数字管理 离港 供应链 确定性 无船承运人 司正 赫伯罗特 

分 类 号：U169.3[交通运输工程]