多学科团队合作干预对阿尔茨海默病患者认知功能及日常生活活动能力的影响  

Effects of interdisciplinary team intervention on cognitive function and activity of daily living of Alzheimer＆#39;s disease patients

作　　者：陈春英[1] 刘彩霞[2] 许瑛[2] 李君[2] 严静[3] Chen Chunying;Liu Caixia;Xu Ying;Li Jun;Yan Jing(Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhot~ 310013, China （ Chen CY;Department of Nursing, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, China （Liu CX, Xu Y, Li J;Dean＇s Office, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, China （Yah J)

机构地区：[1]浙江医院康复医学科,杭州310013 [2]浙江医院护理部,杭州310013 [3]浙江医院院长室,杭州310013

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2017年第31期3956-3960,共5页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：2014年度港澳台科技合作专项项目（2014DFT30100）;2015年浙江省医药卫生一般研究计划（A类）（2015KYA004）

摘　　要：目的 探讨阿尔茨海默病患者行多学科团队合作干预的方法和效果评价,为阿尔茨海默病患者的照护方法提供依据.方法 2015年3-10月,以125例居住在杭州市某养老机构的阿尔茨海默病患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表随机分为对照组和观察组,对照组62例,观察组63例,对照组予养老院常规模式护理,观察组予多学科团队合作干预.干预前后应用简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）、日常生活活动能力评估量表（ADL）进行评定,并观察精神行为症状发生情况.共观察6个月,3个月评估一次.结果 干预前两组患者MMSE评分、ADL评分差异无统计学意义（P值分别为0.865、0.183）;干预6个月后,两组患者上述指标较干预前均有所改善（P〈0.05）,且两组患者组间和时间差异均有统计学意义（F组间值分别为7.128、4.213,P值分别为0.009、0.045;F时间值分别为9.519、9.913,P值分别为0.001、0.001;F交互值分别为16.76、271.047,P均〈0.001）,组间值会随着时间的推移而上升.观察组精神行为症状发生例数明显少于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论 多学科团队合作干预能有效改善阿尔茨海默病患者的认知功能和日常生活活动能力.Objective To explore effects of multidisciplinary team intervention in Alzheimer＇s disease patients and provide the basis for nursing of Alzheimer＇s patients. Methods A total of 125 patients with Alzheimer＇s disease in Hangzhou pension institutions from March to October 2015 were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group. There were 62 cases in the control group and 63 cases in the observation group. The control group was provided with the conventional model of nursing in the nursing home, and the observation group was cared by the multidisciplinary team. Mini mental state examination （MMSE） and activities of daily living assessment scale （ADL） were used to assess and observe the incidence of behavioral and psychological symptoms before and after the intervention. The observation lasted for six months with one evaluation every three months. Results Before the intervention, there were no statistical differences in scores of MMSE and ADL between two groups （P=0.865, 0.183）. After six months＇ intervention, scores of MMSE and ADL were significantly improved in both groups （P〈0.05）; the differences between two groups as well as between two time points were statistically significant （Fgroup=7.128, 4.213, P=0.009, 0.045; Ftime=9.519, 9.913, P=0.001, 0.001; Finteraction=16.76, 271.047,P〈0.001）; the interval value increased over time. The number of cases with behavioral and psychological symptoms in the observation group was significantly less than that in the control group （P〈0.05）. Conclusions Multidisciplinary team nursing model can effectively improve cognitive function and activity of daily living of Alzheimer＇s disease patients.

关 键 词：阿尔茨海默病 认知 日常生活活动 多学科团队合作干预 

分 类 号：R473.74[医药卫生—护理学]