三种血清学布鲁氏菌检测方法在不同疫苗免疫奶牛中的比较  

Comparative Study of Antibodies from Vaccinated Cows with Different Vaccines against Brucellosis Using Three Kinds of Serological Detection Methods

作　　者：张亮[1] 王基隆 丁家波[2] 解晓莉 刘来兴[1] 谷祖烨 杨美 杨宏军[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院奶牛研究中心,山东济南250100 [2]中国兽医药品监察所,北京100081

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2017年第12期126-129,共4页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金面上项目"布鲁氏菌T4SS效应蛋白BPE123和BPE275的生物功能研究"(ZR2014CM008);山东省自然科学基金三院联合项目"牛型分枝杆菌ESAT6和CFP10调控巨噬细胞炎症反应的功能研究"(ZR2015YL069);"十三五"国家重点研发计划子课题"布鲁氏菌病和牛结核病的诊断与检测新技术研究"(2016YFD0500902);现代农业(奶牛)产业技术体系科学家岗位项目(CARS-36)

摘　　要：布鲁氏菌病是一种世界范围内广泛分布的严重人畜共患病。疫苗免疫和血清学诊断是有效控制和净化该病的两种重要措施,但疫苗免疫对血清学诊断存在较大影响。因此,弄清楚不同疫苗免疫在不同检测方法下的抗体消减规律显得尤为重要。本研究选取15头6月龄健康母牛,随机分为5个试验组,每组3头,分别为600亿单位A19疫苗注射组、600亿单位A19疫苗口服组、500亿单位S2疫苗口服组、500亿单位S2疫苗注射组和对照组。对不同组试验牛进行隔离饲养,免疫完成后进行一次带牛环境消毒。免疫完成后每月采集牛血制备血清保存,连续采集6个月,分别使用RBPT(虎红平板凝集实验)、iELISA、cELISA进行检测。结果表明,相比口服免疫方式,注射免疫方式的疫苗抗体峰值水平更高,抗体持续时间更长;注射免疫方式下,S2疫苗的抗体峰值水平高于A19苗,但抗体持续时间较短;口服免疫A19疫苗,6个月内三种方法均未检测到抗体。可见,疫苗免疫对布鲁氏菌病血清学诊断有明显的干扰作用,但对cELISA检测的影响时间较短,采用cELISA可有效区分疫苗免疫和野毒感染。针对不同免疫方式的不同疫苗,应选择合适的时间节点。Brucellosis is a serious zoonosis that occurs in worldwide. Vaccine and sero-detection are two effective and common methods for its control in dairy herds. However,its sero-diagnosis is interfered by vaccine immunization,so it is important to know the dynamic changes of antibodies after being immunized with different vaccines based on various detection methods. Fifteen six-month-old healthy cows were randomly divided into five groups on average. Four treatment groups were inoculated by injection and oral immunization of 6 × 10^(10) unit A19 vaccine and 5 × 10^(10) unit S2 vaccine,respectively. Every group was separately kept after vaccination and environmental disinfection. The serum samples were monthly collected in six months and detected by RBPT,iELISA and cELISA. The results showed that the injected groups had a higher antibody peaklevel and longer antibody duration time compared with oral groups,and the S2 groups had a higher antibody peak level and shorter antibody duration time than A19 groups. No antibody was detected for A19 oral group by three methods in six months. All the results showed that vaccine immunization had obvious interference effect on sero-diagnosis. But the influencing time on cELISA was short,thus the vaccine immunization and wild strain infection could be effectively distinguished by cELISA. For different vaccines with different modes of immunization,the appropriate time node should be selected.

关 键 词：布鲁氏菌病 疫苗 抗体消长规律 检测方法 

分 类 号：S852.5[农业科学—基础兽医学]