抚育间伐对黄龙山辽东栎林木形质的影响  

Effect of Thinning on Quercus wutaishanica Trees Form Quality by the Analytic Hierarchy Process in Huanglong Mountains

作　　者：于世川[1] 张文辉[1] 尤健健[1] 邓磊[1] 黄财智 邢忠利[1] 樊蓉蓉[1] 何婷[1] Yu Shichuan;Zhang Wenhui;You Jianjian;Deng Lei;Huang Caizhi;Xing Zhongli;Fan Rongrong;He Ting(Key Comprehensive Laboratory of Forestry in Shaanxi Province ,Northwest A ＆ F University Yangling 712100)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学陕西省林业综合实验室,杨凌712100

出　　处：《林业科学》2017年第11期104-113,共10页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：杨凌示范区科技推广能力提升项目"水保型栎林目标树经营技术示范"(2015-TS-29);国家林业局全国森林经营基础研究项目"全国森林经营样板基地典型经营模式及成效监测研究与示范"(1692016-03)

摘　　要：【目的】研究抚育间伐对黄龙山辽东栎林木形质的影响,为林木形质评价体系、黄土高原辽东栎抚育间伐提供理论依据。【方法】在黄土高原黄龙山林区辽东栎林设置抚育间伐试验样地,开展重度(保留郁闭度0.6)、中度(保留郁闭度0.7)和轻度(保留郁闭度0.8)间伐,同时设置对照样地(郁闭度0.9)。为了保持郁闭度不变,每隔3年进行1次抚育间伐。以生长情况(树高平均生长量、胸径年均生长量、冠径比、健康状况)、干形情况(高径比、尖削度、通直度、分杈情况)和侧枝情况(自然整枝能力、侧枝数、枝粗指数、侧枝平均基径)作为辽东栎林木形质评价指标,运用层次分析法构建辽东栎林木形质评价体系,对3种抚育间伐强度(重度、中度、轻度间伐)与对照下辽东栎林木形质进行综合评价。【结果】干形情况对辽东栎林木形质的影响最大,贡献率占0.653;生长情况对其影响次之,贡献率占0.285;侧枝情况对其影响较小,贡献率仅占0.062;12个评价指标在辽东栎林木形质评价中的权重大小依次为:通直度(0.344 6)>分杈情况(0.227 1)>健康状况(0.190 7)>胸径年均生长量(0.051 3)>高径比(0.046 3)>自然整枝能力(0.037 7)>尖削度(0.035 2)>树高平均生长量(0.031 6)>侧枝平均基径(0.012 6)>冠径比(0.011 4)>枝粗指数(0.008 9)>侧枝数(0.003 0);综合评价得分依次为:中度间伐(92.892)>轻度间伐(83.314)>重度间伐(79.644)>对照(74.376),林木形质得分随间伐强度增加先增加后减少,中度间伐得分最高,林木形质最好。【结论】抚育间伐可改善辽东栎林木形质,评价指标树高平均生长量、健康状况随间伐强度增加而增加,高径比随间伐强度增加而减少;与对照相比,中度、重度间伐对冠径比、侧枝数、侧枝平均基径影响显著,间伐对通直度、分杈情况有显著影响;中度间伐(保留郁闭度0.7)对改善辽东栎林木形质的作用最大,轻度间伐(【Objective 】 In this study,the effects of thinning on Quercus wutaishanica trees form quality were investigated by the analytic hierarchy process in Huanglong Mountains in order to provide theoretical basis of trees form quality evaluation system and thinning on Q. wutaishanica on Loess Plateau.【Method】 Experimental sample plots,which are the heavy thinning（ keeping canopy density of 0. 6）,medium thinning（ keeping canopy density of 0. 7）,light thinning（ keeping canopy density of 0. 8） and control plots（ canopy density of 0. 9） on Q. wutaishanica forest in Huanglong Mountains of the Loess Plateau were set up. In order to keep invariant canopy density of different thinning intensities of the experimental sample plots,every three years proceed on a tending thinning. The Q. wutaishanica form quality evaluation system was constructed by using the analytic hierarchy process（ AHP）,with growth situation（ height mean increment,DBH mean annual increment,crown diameter ratio,health condition）,stem form situation（ ratio of height to diameter,tree tapering,stem straightness,bifurcation situation）,lateral branch situation（ natural ability of self thinning,lateral branch number,index of branch coarse,average base diameter of branches） as Q. wutaishanica formquality evaluation index,calculated Q. wutaishanica trees form quality scores of comprehensive evaluation with the heavy thinning（ keeping canopy density of 0. 6）,medium thinning（ keeping canopy density of 0. 7）,light thinning（ keeping canopy density of 0. 8） and control plots（ canopy density of 0. 9）. 【Result 】 The stem form situation was the most significant influencing for the tree form quality with the relative contribution rate of 0. 653,followed by growth situation,which influenced the tree form quality had the relative contribution rate of 0. 285,the less influencing of lateral branch situation for the tree form quality with the relative contribution rate of 0. 062. Weights with all the evaluation indexes of

关 键 词：抚育间伐 形质评价 层次分析法 辽东栎 

分 类 号：S753[农业科学—森林经理学]