飞行员共同性外斜视的影响因素研究  

Study on the influencing factors of pilots' common exotropia

作　　者：李鑫[1] 张明悦 王雷[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国民用航空局民用航空医学中心空勤体检鉴定所,北京100123

出　　处：《中国现代医生》2017年第36期81-83,86,共4页China Modern Doctor

摘　　要：目的回顾共同性外显斜视飞行员飞行时长、屈光状态、年龄等疲劳相关因素对外斜视发病情况的影响。方法选取2015年6月~2017年6月间参加空勤年度体检的25~55岁之间诊断为外斜视的飞行员136例,记录其至体检发现外斜视时的总飞行时间及年龄,并用综合验光仪检测其屈光状态,比较不同飞行时间、不同年龄段及不同屈光状态的外斜视发生情况。结果随着累计飞行时间的增加,飞行员外斜视的患病率相应增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);共同性外显斜视的发病率不同年龄组之间存在一定差异,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);近视组的外斜视患病率明显高于远视组和正视组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而正视组和远视组的外斜视患病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论飞行时长及屈光状态对外斜视患病率有显著影响,对于飞行员应对相关因素加以重视,以减少外斜视的发生及进展。Objective To review the effects of fatigue-related factors such as flight duration, refractive status and age on the incidence of exotropia in common exotropia pilots. Methods A total of 136 pilots diagnosed with exotropia aged 25 to 55 years participated in the annual air medical examination from June 2015 to June 2017 were selected. The total flight time and age at the time of exotropia were recorded and the integrated refractometer was used to detect the re- fractive status of the patients. The occurrence of exotropia at different time of flight, different age groups and different refractive status were compared. Results With the increase of accumulated flight time,the prevalence of exotropia in pi- lot increased correspondingly, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. There were some differences in morbidity of common exotropia, but the difference was not statistically significant （P〉0.05）. The prevalence of exotropia in myopia group was significantly higher than that in hyperopia group and orthophoria group, and there was statistically significant difference（P〈0.05）. While there was no significant difference in the prevalence of exotropia in the hyperopic group（P〉0.05）. Conclusion The length of flight and refractive status have significant impact on the prevalence of ex- otropia, and the attention to the relevant factors of pilots should be paid in order to reduce the occurrence and progres- sion of exotropia.

关 键 词：飞行员 共同性外显斜视 飞行时间 屈光状态 疲劳 

分 类 号：R885.7[医药卫生—临床医学]