预激活增强效应对优秀女子体操运动员跳马助跑的影响  

Effect of Post Activation Potentiation Exercises on Women Elite Gymnasts' Vaulting Run-up

作　　者：何卫[1] 汤仁圣 张霞[3] 宋湘勤[4] 洪平[1] HE Weih;TANG Ren-sheng;ZHANG Xia;SONG Xiang-qin;HONG Ping(China Institute of Sports Science, Beijng 100061, China;Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China;Gymnastics Management Centre, Beijing, 100063, China;Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.)

机构地区：[1]国家体育总局体育科学研究所,北京100061 [2]上海体育学院,上海200438 [3]国家体育总局体操运动管理中心,北京100063 [4]北京师范大学,北京100875

出　　处：《体育科学》2017年第12期7-13,共7页China Sport Science

基　　金：国家体育总局体育科学研究所基本科研业务费资助项目(15-09;17-29)

摘　　要：目的:研究不同时段静态牵拉连接PAP诱导对优秀女子体操运动员跳马助跑产生的影响。方法:研究对象为5名国家健将级女子体操运动员。采用单组多重前后测试研究方法;利用SPSS 21.0统计软件进行数据分析,P<0.05有统计学差异。结果:1)PAP诱导后,髋关节角度有明显增加趋势,并可维持长达16 min;2)下蹲跳(CMJ)峰值力显示:PAP诱导有效时段为4~12 min,8 min为高峰点;3)跳马助跑倒3步(L3S)、倒2步(L2S)和踏板起跳(FS)平均水平速度呈递减趋势,L2S显示PAP诱导后有效时段8~16 min,8 min为高峰点。结论:研究实验方案能有效诱导实验对象PAP效应,并通过髋关节活动度、CMJ峰值力及跳马助跑倒2步跑速反映出来。Objective：The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of static stretching followed by PAP stimulation in different periods on elite female gymnasts,and the relationship between countermovement jump（CMJ） and vaulting run-up kinematics after PAP stimulation over time. Methods：Five national gymnasts volunteered were recruited in this work. Using a single set of multiple pre-and post-test methods. SPSS 21.0 were used to analyse the data. P value was set at 0.05. Results：1）As compared to baseline,hips ROM shown improved and lasted the entire 16 mins duration after static stretching induced. 2） CMJ peak force were increased significantly between 4-12 mins with peak value at 8 mins;3） last-3-step（L3S）,last-2-step（L2S） and final step（FS） of vaulting run-up showed reduction of speed,only L2S indicated PAP were effective between 8-16 mins with 8 mins peak value post PAP. Conclusion：The experimental protocol of this study can effectively induce the PAP effect of the experimental subjects and is reflected by the hips ROM,CMJ peak force and the last-2-step speed of vaulting run-up.

关 键 词：预激活增强效应 女子 体操 跳马 

分 类 号：G804.6[文化科学—运动人体科学]