叶面喷施不同硅源制剂对水稻植株养分吸收的动态影响  

Dynamic Effect of Foliar Application of Different Silicon Compounds on Rice Nutrient Absorption

作　　者：任红玉 李爽 赵慧莉[1] 张超[1] 张惠[1] 张兴文 REN Hongyu;LI Shuang;ZHAO Huili;ZHANG Chao;ZHANG Hui;ZHANG Xingwen(College of Resources and Environment Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030, China;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学资源与环境学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]哈尔滨工业大学化工与化学学院,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2017年第5期596-602,共7页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31340032)

摘　　要：采用盆栽试验种植水稻"东农427",在水稻分蘖期分别进行叶面喷施不同硅源制剂Si-50、Si-60、SiRH、QSi-50、QSi-60,并设置对照组(ck)。测定了水稻在分蘖期、孕穗期和成熟期时各处理条件下植株全氮、全磷和全钾的含量。试验结果表明:分蘖期喷施硅制剂能明显促进水稻分蘖期、孕穗期和成熟期对全氮和全磷营养元素的吸收,提高氮、磷元素的吸收率,促进氮素与磷素向稻穗中转运。QSi-50促进水稻全氮的吸收最显著,与对照相比其在分蘖期、孕穗期植株全氮含量分别显著增加42.97%、52.88%,成熟期稻穗中全氮含量显著增加30.46%;而QSi-60对全磷的促进作用最大,前2个生育时期的全磷含量比对照分别显著增加34.81%、25.07%,成熟期稻穗中磷含量比对照显著增加19.74%。在分蘖期、孕穗期Si-60处理的全钾含量比对照分别显著增加6.20%和19.42%;成熟期所有处理对全钾的吸收表现出一定的抑制作用,稻穗中钾的含量比对照有所下降,QSi-60更是显著降低31.91%。Rice cultivar Dongnong 427 was used as material in pot experiment. Foliar application of different silicon compounds Si-50, Si-60, Si-RH, QSi-50 and QSi-60 was conducted respectively at tillering stage, and a control group ck was designed. Total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total po- tassium content of rice under different treatments in three prime periods of rice growth, tillering stage, booting stage and mature stage, were tested. The results showed that spraying silicon com- pounds at tillering stage could obviously promote the absorption of total nitrogen and total phosphorus at tillering, booting and maturing stages, improve the utilization efficiency of nitrogen and phosphor-us, and promote the transfer of nitrogen and phosphorus into spike. QSi-50 could significantly pro- mote the absorption of total nitrogen. Compared with ck, the content of total nitrogen at tillering and booting stages was significantly increased by 42.97%, 52. 88%, and the content of total nitrogen in spike at maturing stage was significantly increased by 30. 46%; QSi-60 had the greatest effect on promoting total phosphorus, and compared with ok, the content of total phosphorus at the first two growth stages was significantly increased by 34. 81% and 25.07%, and the content of total phos- phorus in spike at maturing stage was significantly increased by 19.74%. At tillering and booting stages, the total potassium content of Si-60 was significantly increased by 6. 20% and 19.42% ; at maturing stage, all treatments of total potassium absorption showed certain inhibition, total potassium in spike declined compared with ck, and QSi-60 was significantly reduced by 31.91%.

关 键 词：水稻 硅制剂 全氮 全磷 全钾 

分 类 号：S143.7[农业科学—肥料学] S511.062[农业科学—农业基础科学]