两起GII.2型诺如病毒急性胃肠炎暴发疫情的病原学分析  

Etiological analysis of two acute gastroenteritis outbreaks caused by norovirus GII.2

作　　者：闫革彬[1] 彭华[2] 舒高林 李东迅[2] 王维钧[2] 徐代庆[2] 严寒秋[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京市昌平区疾病预防控制中心办公室,102206 [2]北京市昌平区疾病预防控制中心微生物检验科,102206 [3]北京市疾病预防控制中心传染病地方病控制所

出　　处：《国际病毒学杂志》2017年第6期384-388,共5页International Journal of Virology

摘　　要：目的 调查2016年10月昌平区某两所幼儿园两起急性胃肠炎暴发疫情的病原体,为疫情防控提供依据.方法 采集两所幼儿园各一起急性胃肠炎暴发疫情的病例和密切接触者粪便标本,采用实时荧光RT-PCR检测方法检测病毒核酸,抽取部分阳性标本采用一步法RT-PCR扩增诺如病毒衣壳蛋白区部分基因,将PCR产物双向测序,采用Bio Edit和MEGA 6.06软件进行序列比对和进化分析.结果 70份粪便标本中37份为诺如病毒GII组核酸阳性,检出率为52.86％;未检出GI组.13份阳性标本的测序结果经序列比对均为诺如病毒GII.2基因型.两所幼儿园疫情代表毒株同源性为99.6％,与2016年北京和江苏毒株（GenBank序列号KY421122和KY421121）同源性最高.进化分析显示,两所幼儿园疫情代表毒株与诺如病毒GII.2基因型位于一个大的进化簇上,同中国的3株GII.2基因型毒株（GenBank序列号KY457736、KY421122、KY421121）亲缘关系最近.结论 北京昌平区两所幼儿园出现的病毒性腹泻疫情的毒株为GII.2型,应加强日常监测与防控.Objective To determine the cause of two outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in two kindergartens in Changping district,Beijing in 2016.Methods Stool samples were collected from children with diarrhea and their close contacts.All stool samples were detected with real-time RT-PCR.Some positive specimens were selected to amplify the capsid genes of norovirus by one-step RT-PCR and the PCR products were sequenced directly.Multiple sequence alignments were performed by BioEdit,and phylogenetic tree was constructed by Mega software 6.06.Results Thirty-seven positive strains of GII norovirus were detected in 70 stool specimens,the positive rate was 52.86%,and GI norovirus were not found.Sequences of 13 positive specimens （5 from kindergarten 1,8 from kindergarten 2） indicated that the virus belonged to norovirus GII.2 genotype.The homology between the strains from Kindergarten 1 and Kindergarten 2 was 99.6%.The nucleic acid sequence homology analysis showed that the strains from Kindergarten 1 and Kindergarten 2 had high homology with norovirus reference strains from Beijing （KY421122） and Jiangsu （KY421121） obtained in 2016.The strains in this study belonged to a big cluster with reference norovirus GII.2 genotype strains,which shared the higher nucleotide identity with other three strains from China （KY457736,KY421122,KY421121）.Conclusions The outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in the two kindergartens were caused by GII.2 noroviruses.The survey and prevention should be strengthened.

关 键 词：诺如病毒 暴发 GII.2型 进化树 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]