不同类型留守儿童生活满意度及主观幸福感的差异比较  

Comparison of Life Satisfaction and Subjective Well-being Among Different Types of Left-behind Children

作　　者：刘筱[1,2] 周春燕 黄海[1] 刘陈陵[1] 李林[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学武汉应用心理学研究所,湖北武汉430074 [2]重庆文理学院,重庆永川402160

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2017年第12期1889-1893,共5页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：湖北省教育厅哲学社会科学研究重大项目(编号:16ZD009)

摘　　要：目的:为考察留守经历对儿童的影响及不同类型留守儿童之间生活满意度和主观幸福感的差异。方法:以湖北省8~15岁的留守儿童为主要调查对象,采用方便取样的方法在留守儿童集中的学校及留守儿童托管中心集中施测。结果:(1)在不同类型儿童主观幸福感的比较中,留守儿童的主观幸福感最低,曾留守儿童次之,非留守儿童最高,差异均达到显著水平(F=96.561,P=0.001);(2)不同类型留守儿童中,母亲单独外出留守儿童的家庭、学校、学业、自由和总体生活满意度及主观幸福感显著低于父亲单独外出和双亲外出留守儿童(F=7.68,3.39,9.37,6.01,3.54,13.51;P<0.05);(3)在双亲外出的情况下,由学校及托管中心监护的留守儿童主观幸福感显著高于祖辈监护和其他亲戚监护(F=7.264,P=0.001)。结论:留守经历会对留守儿童的生活满意度及主观幸福感产生很大影响,应采取有效措施保障留守儿童的生活质量,提高他们的生活满意度及主观幸福感。Objective：To study the influence of left-behind experience on children and compare the life satisfaction and subjective well-being among different types of left-behind children.Methods：Children from Hubei Province with age ranging from 8 to 15 were selected in schools and foster centers where left-behind children concentrated through convenience sampling.Results：（1） According to the study,the left-behind children had the lowest subjective well-being,followed by the once left-behind children,and the non-left-behind children shared the highest.The difference was significant（F=96.561,P0.01）;（2） Among the different types of left-behind children,the satisfaction with family,school,study,freedom and life and subjective well-being of the ones with mother working out were significantly lower than the ones with father working out or those with both parents working out（F=7.68,3.39,9.37,6.01,3.5,13.51;P0.05）;（3）In the case of both parents working out,the subjective well-being of leftbehind children guarded by schools or foster centers were significantly higher than those guarded by grandparents and other relatives（F=7.264,P0.01）.Conclusion：The left-behind experience has a remarkable effect on the life satisfaction and subjective well-being of left-behind children.Effective measures should be taken to guarantee the left-behind children＇s quality of life and improve their life satisfaction and subjective well-being.

关 键 词：留守儿童类型 监护类型 生活满意度 主观幸福感 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学] B844.1[医药卫生—医学心理学]