纳米材料技术在水环境重金属检测中的应用与发展  

Application and development of nanomaterial technology in heavy metal detection in water environment

作　　者：刘晔 胡敬芳[2] 李玥琪 邹小平[2] 高国伟[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京信息科技大学自动化学院,北京100192 [2]北京信息科技大学传感器重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《传感器世界》2017年第12期7-15,4,共10页Sensor World

基　　金：北京市教育委员会科技发展计划面上项目(NO.KM201611232021);国家自然科学基金项目(NO.61601037);北京市优秀人才培养资助基金项目(NO.2014000020124G104)

摘　　要：近年来,纳米材料技术在水环境重金属检测领域中的应用已经成为重要的研究课题。纳米材料特殊的尺寸使其具有优异的物理、化学和光学性能,许多研究者将其应用在水环境重金属检测领域。本文从纳米材料技术在水环境重金属的光学检测与电化学检测两个方面,对纳米材料技术在水环境重金属检测中的应用做出综述并对其发展给予展望。光学检测方面主要对纳米材料在比色分析法和表面增强拉曼散射法检测水环境重金属中应用进行简要叙述;电化学检测方面则是根据纳米材料结构的不同将其分为零维、一维、二维和三维纳米材料,分别对其在水环境重金属检测中的应用与发展进行综述。In recent years, the application of nanomaterial technology in heavy metal detection in water environment has become an important research topic. The special sizes of nano-materials offer them excellent physical, chemical and optical properties, and many researchers apply them to the heavy metal detection in water environment. The application and development of nanomaterial technology in the heavy metal detection in water environment are reviewed from the aspects of optical detection method and electrochemical detection method in this paper. In the optical detection, the applications of namo-materials are described briefly in the methods of colorimetric analysis and surface enhanced Raman scattering. And in the aspect of electrochemical detection, the namo-materials are divided into zero-dimensional, one-dimensional, two-dimensional and three-dimensional nano-materials according to their structures, and the application and development are summarized respectivelyin the detection of heavy metals in water environment.

关 键 词：纳米材料技术 水环境重金属检测 光学检测 电化学检测 

分 类 号：TB383.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程]