中国高污染工业行业环境负外部性计量及其影响因素分析  

Calculating on Negative Externality of Environment of High Pollution Industries in China

作　　者：刘焰[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学经济与管理学院

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2018年第1期157-166,共10页Wuhan University Journal：Philosophy & Social Science

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2015A030401085)

摘　　要：以我国规模以上21个高污染工业行业为对象进行研究,首先,将环境负外部性分为显性负外部性和隐性负外部性,以环境污染带来的直接社会资源耗费衡量显性负外部性,以环境污染造成的国民健康福利损失衡量隐性负外部性;第二,根据高污染工业"三废"数据,运用因子分析法,计量其各年的环境污染指数;第三,运用回归分析法,分析环境污染指数与显性负外部性和隐性负外部性的相关性;最后运用微分分析法,计量高污染工业行业总的环境负外部性。研究发现,高污染工业行业的隐性环境负外部性高于显性负外部性两倍以上;对外开放程度越高,环境负外部性越小;国家环境管理制度有利于降低环境负外部性;而人均GDP与环境负外部性显著正相关。The paper calculates the negative externality of environment of 21 high pollution industries in China.Firstly,the paper divides negative environmental externality into two types： dominant externality which is measured by direct cost of social economic resource induced by environmental pollution,and recessive externality which is measured by national health and welfare loss; Secondly,according to the data of those industries＇ ＂three waste＂from year 2002-2012,the paper calculates the environmental pollution indexes using factor analysis method; Thirdly,the paper studies the correlation between environmental pollution indexes and nationalhealth and welfare loss and direct cost of social economic resource using regression analysis method; Fourthly,using differential coefficient method,the paper calculates the total negative environmental externality of high pollution industries; Finally,the conclusion of the paper is that the recessive negative externality is two times higher than that of dominant externality,and degree of opening to outside world has negative correlation with negative environmental externality,and government＇s institution of environment management has made contributions to reduce environmental negative externalities,but the lever of GDP has possitive correlation to the environmental negative externalities of high pullotion industries.

关 键 词：高污染工业行业 环境负外部性 环境污染指数 

分 类 号：F23[经济管理—会计学] F062.2[经济管理—国民经济]