光电子协同微生物介导的重金属离子还原与电子转移机理  

Reduction of Heavy Metal Ions Mediated by Photoelectron-Microorganism Synergistic Effect and Electron Transfer Mechanism

作　　者：刘明学[1] 董发勤[2] 聂小琴 丁聪聪 何辉超[2] 杨刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学生命科学与工程学院,绵阳621010 [2]固体废物处理与资源化教育部重点实验室,绵阳621010 [3]核废物与环境安全国防重点学科实验室,绵阳621010

出　　处：《化学进展》2017年第12期1537-1550,共14页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)(No.2014CB846003);国家自然科学基金项目(No.41272371;41572035;41502316)资助~~

摘　　要：重金属污染是一个亟待解决的环境和社会问题。重金属元素在自然界常会形成各种价态的矿物,具有不同的理化性质,对重金属污染治理具有重要的参考意义。重金属离子价态的改变可通过微生物、电极电子及半导体矿物光电子传递与吸收实现。本文分析了微生物及其电化学系统、半导体矿物光电子与光电子协同作用对重金属离子的还原作用,从氧化还原电势角度分析了微生物及其电化学系统与光电子对重金属离子的还原机理。重点从微生物跨膜电子传递过程及分子网络角度阐述了微生物还原变价重金属离子的直接/间接电子传递途径、从微生物向电极的正/逆向电子传递与吸收利用角度揭示了微生物电化学系统与光电子协同微生物对重金属离子价态调控的机制。最后,提出了微生物、电极、半导体矿物与光在重金属价态调控中的作用网络与能量利用途径。可为进一步研究微生物胞外电子传递及微生物光电子利用与光电子协同微生物调控重金属离子价态及其环境治理提供参考。Heavy metal pollution is an environmental and social problem that needs to be solved urgently.Heavy metal elements in nature will form a variety of minerals with different states of valence and showdifferent physical and chemical properties,which has important implications for the treatment of heavy metal pollution.The valence state of heavy metal ions can be regulated through electron transfer and electron absorption from microbe,electrode,and semiconductor mineral photocatalysis.This reviewanalyzes the reduction effect of heavy metal ions by microbes,microbial electrolysis system（MES）,photoelectron and photoelectronmicroorganism synergistic effect.The redox reaction and the energy utilization mechanism during the heavy metalions reduction process are illustrated based on oxidation reduction potential principle.Detailed transmembrane electron transfer process and molecular networks are elaborated for direct/indirect electron transfer pathways during reduction of heavy metal ions by microorganism.The electron transfer from microorganism cells to electrode and reverse electron absorption-utilization process are also expounded for heavy metal ion valence state regulation by microbial electrolysis system and photoelectron-microorganism synergistic effect.Finally,the interaction network and energy utilization mechanism are proposed to elucidate the regulation of heavy metal ion valence state by microorganisms,electrodes,semiconductor minerals and light.This reviewwill provide a reference for the further study regarding the microbial extracellular electron transfer,the photoelectron utilization by microorganism and the valence state regulation of heavy metal ions by microbe-photoelectron coordination as well as its environmental significance.

关 键 词：重金属离子 价态调控 光电子 电子转移 微生物电化学系统 

分 类 号：Q615[生物学—生物物理学]