阶梯溢流坝在左柏水库中的应用试验研究  

An Experimental Study on Stepped Spillway in Zuobai Reservoir

作　　者：程文磊 杨庆[1,2] 昌子多 

机构地区：[1]四川大学水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室,四川成都610065 [2]四川大学水利水电学院,四川成都610065

出　　处：《水力发电》2018年第1期106-109,共4页Water Power

摘　　要：通过水工模型试验,对左柏水库工程阶梯溢流坝水力特性进行了研究和分析。试验结果表明,阶梯溢流坝设置前置掺气坎后,起始阶梯上的掺气较充分,消除了起始阶梯面上的空蚀风险;单宽流量越大,阶梯上水流形成均匀流的流程越长;阶梯溢流坝的消能率随单宽流量的增加而减小;阶梯溢流坝体形下,下游消力池规模相比光滑溢流坝减小28.7%。试验获得的阶梯段均匀流水深、流速与相应单宽流量计算经验公式可为实际工程下游消力池设计提供参考,试验研究体形适用于单宽流量较小且坝高大于60 m的水利工程。The hydraulic characteristics of stepped spillway in Zuobai Reservoir project is studied by hydraulic model test. The results show that： （a） when the spillway sets pre-aerator slot, the aeration on starting ladder is more sufficient and the risk of cavitation erosion on starting ladder is eliminated; （b） the greater the single-width discharge, the greater the distance of flow reaching to uniform flow on the ladder; （c） the energy dissipation rate of stepped spillway decreases with the increase of single- width discharge; and （d） the size of energy dissipation pool under stepped spillway scheme will be decreased by 28.7% compared with that of smooth overflow spillway scheme. The empirical calculating formula of uniform depth, velocity and single-width discharge based on test results can be used as a reference for the design of energy dissipation pool. The stepped spillway shape used in experimental study is suitable for the water conservancy projects with small single-width discharge and dam height greater than 60 m.

关 键 词：单宽流量 前置掺气坎 阶梯溢流坝 消力池 左柏水库 

分 类 号：TV652.1[水利工程—水利水电工程]