路径、机理与创新:社会保障促进精准扶贫的政策分析  

Approaches,Mechanism and Innovation:Policy Review on Social Security System for Poverty Alleviation

作　　者：左停[1] 赵梦媛[1] 金菁 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学人文与发展学院,北京100193

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2018年第1期1-12,共12页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：中国-欧盟政策对话支持项目二期(EU-China Policy Dialogues Support Facility II)

摘　　要：中国的社会保障体系经历了数十年的发展,逐渐形成了多种多样的制度,其在缩小收入差距、保护人力资本、降低社会风险和保障基本需求等方面发挥着重要的反贫困作用。当前农村扶贫阶段中,贫困人口的社会生理性致贫因素增强,因此要求包括社会保障、社会权利救济在内的社会保护式扶贫发挥越来越重要的作用。与此相应,社会保障既被列为反贫困的重要目标,也被列为反贫困的主要路径,在中国农村减贫发展进程中的嵌入程度逐渐加深。为了减少因制度不一造成的缝隙和叠加问题,让扶贫与低保等其他社会保障制度进行衔接十分必要;另一方面多领域、多主体的反贫困协作治理框架也需要被构建起来。在看到当前我国通过社会保障制度促进减贫发展可喜成就的同时,也应注重解决制度中存在的问题。未来我国社会保障减贫可以借鉴欧盟社会保障发展经验、加强服务供给、倡导更加积极的制度安排以及以"一站式服务"方法促进基层社会保障的协同化治理为努力方向。After decades of development,China's social security system has gradually formed a variety of polices and schemes,which are playing an essential anti-poverty role in narrowing the income gap,protecting human capital,reducing social risks and ensuring the basic needs.In the current rural poverty alleviation phase,more and more poverty is contributed to social physiological factors,hence the"social-protection of poverty relief"that contain social security and social rights relief are required to take action.Correspondingly,social security is not only viewed as an important goal of anti-poverty,but also viewed as the main path,which has consistently been imbedded in China's rural poverty reduction and development process.In order to resolve the problems caused by omitting or superposition of institution,it is necessary to strengthen the coordination between poverty alleviation and social security system,especially the rural minimum living security system;meanwhile,the multi-disciplinary,multi-subject anti-poverty collaborative governance framework should also be built.On the one hand,some accomplishments have been made in reducing the rural poverty through the social security system.On the other hand,we should also focus on dealing with the problems in the social security system.In the future,China should learn from development experience of the EU social security on poverty reduction and development,strengthen the services supplement,make the institution more active and promote grass-roots social security coordination through the way of"one-stop service"approach.

关 键 词：农村贫困 精准扶贫 反贫困机制 社会保障 社会救助 

分 类 号：C913.7[经济管理]