基于国际贸易的中国大豆供给需求分析  

Analysis of China's Soybean Supply and Demand Based on International Trade

作　　者：孙君 舒坤良[2] 庄巍 王洪丽[2] 徐晓红[2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林省食品工业设计研究院,长春130051 [2]吉林省农业科学院农业经济与信息研究所,长春130033 [3]磐石市农业综合执法大队,吉林磐石132300

出　　处：《东北农业科学》2017年第6期64-68,共5页Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划(2017041807FG)

摘　　要：国际大豆的生产和贸易正深刻地影响着中国大豆产业的发展。近几年中国大豆进口激增,大豆国际贸易格局发生变化。本文通过对国际大豆市场供给需求与进出口贸易的分析,得出世界大豆生产的总体格局是播种面积稳步增加、单产水平趋于平稳、总产量显著提高,大豆出口三分天下的格局基本形成。中国已经成为世界上最大的进口国与消费国,大豆对外依存度高达85%,大豆进口来源主要是美国、阿根廷和巴西,具有较高的"区域集中度";提出要通过提高大豆科技研发投入力度,推动大豆价格改革等措施提高中国大豆的自给率,进而整体提升中国大豆产业的国际竞争力。International soybean production and trade are deeply affecting the development of China＇s soybean in- dustry. In recent years, China＇s soybean imports increased sharply and international soybean trade pattern has been changed. Through analysis on the demand and supply of international soybean and import and export trade, it was concluded that the sown area of world soybean was steadily increased, yield level tended to be smooth, the produc- tion of world soybean has increased significantly. China has became the world＇s largest importer and consumer, soy- bean external dependency is as high as 85%. The soybean import of china was mainly from the United States, Argen- tina and Brazil, which indicated soybean import source has the characteristic of high regional concentration. It is pro- posed that the reforming soybean price and increasing technological investment should be implemented to improve the self-sufficiency of soybean and to improve the international competitiveness of China＇s soybean industry.

关 键 词：中国大豆 大豆供给 大豆需求 大豆进口 对外依存度 

分 类 号：F71[经济管理—产业经济]