贵州遵义连续两次冰雹天气过程的诊断分析  

Diagnostic Analysis of Two Hail Weather Processes in Zunyi City,Guizhou Province

作　　者：张云秋 陈茜茜 唐海 

机构地区：[1]贵州省桐梓县气象局,贵州桐梓563200 [2]贵州省余庆县气象局,贵州余庆564400 [3]贵州省仁怀市气象局,贵州仁怀564500

出　　处：《贵州气象》2017年第6期60-65,共6页Journal of Guizhou Meteorology

基　　金：遵义市气象局青年基金资助项目遵气科合QN[2017]02号:遵义地区冰雹预报指标统计分析

摘　　要：该文利用2016年4月2日(简称"4.02"过程)和5日(简称"4.05"过程)的地面自动气象站观测资料、NCEP再分析资料以及多普勒天气雷达等资料,从环流背景、物理量、雷达回波等方面综合分析了两次冰雹过程的环境场以及雷达回波特征。结果表明:两次过程主要受高空槽和低层辐合切变的影响,没有地面冷锋作用;2016年"4.02"过程的大气层结相对"4.05"过程更加不稳定,不稳定能量和垂直风切变更强,因此冰雹直径与降雹范围更大;"4.05"过程的低空急流强度和水汽的辐合强度比"4.02"强,更利于水汽的输送和聚集,因此降雨量和降雨强度更大;两次冰雹过程的降雹云团都有低层强辐合、低层弱回波区、低层反射率因子高梯度区和中层强回波悬垂等降雹回波的典型特征;冰雹指数对静锥区和绥阳县以外的大部分降雹云团都成功识别显示,对强冰雹的指示性尤其明显;VIL值越大、跃增越明显,出现大冰雹或者大范围冰雹的可能性越大。Based on April 2 and 5, 2016, the ground data of the automatic meteorological station observation and NCEP reanalysis data and doppler weather radar data, the environmental field and radar echo characteristics of two hail event by the circulation background, quantities, radar echo etc were analyzed. The results show that the two events are mainly affected by upper - level trough and low - level convergence shear, without the effect of cold front. In 2016, the atmospheric stratification of the ＂4.02＂ event is more unstable, unstable energy and vertical wind shear are stronger, so the hail diameter and hail range are also larger. The intensity of the low - level jet of ＂ 4.05＂ and the convergence intensity of the water vapor are stronger than ＂4.02＂ , which is more conducive to the transport and accumulation of water vapor, so the amount of precipitation and rainfall intensity are greater. The hail cloud of the two hail events has typical characteristics of low - level convergence, low - level weak echo region, low -level reflectivity factor high gradient region and the middle -level overhang strong echo. In addition to the hail cloud at the static cone area and the Suiyang County, the hail index of other hail clouds have been identified, indi- cating the strong hail is particularly evident, the larger the VIL value, the more obvious the jump, the greater the possibility of large hail or strong hail events.

关 键 词：冰雹指数 VIL 上千下湿 

分 类 号：P458.121.2[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]