软岩开挖卸荷变形及支护效果的数值模拟  

Numerical simulation on unloading deformation and supporting effect of soft rock excavation

作　　者：汪亦显[1,2] 单生彪 曹平[4] 万琳辉[4] 宋恒[4] 

机构地区：[1]水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室(武汉大学),湖北武汉430072 [2]合肥工业大学土木与水利工程学院,安徽合肥230009 [3]南昌轨道交通集团有限公司,江西南昌330038 [4]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《合肥工业大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第12期1643-1648,共6页Journal of Hefei University of Technology：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51774107);安徽省住房城乡建设厅科学技术计划资助项目(2013YF-27);合肥市重点工程建设局科技支撑资助项目(2013CGAZ0771);水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室开放研究基金资助项目(2013B111)

摘　　要：金川Ⅱ矿区岩体属于高应力软岩,文章研究了深部软岩巷道开挖卸载过程中围岩变形及支护效果等问题,通过建立3D有限元模型对巷道开挖进行动态模拟,并对巷道不同支护情形下的围岩变形进行对比分析。结果表明:巷道开挖卸载引起周围岩体应力释放,致使围岩向巷道径向挤压,产生的最大位移达到13.1cm,影响巷道的安全使用;采用U型钢+底部反拱共同支护后,对巷道两帮及顶板的支护效果比较明显,巷道两帮围岩的水平位移减少6.1cm,顶板围岩的沉降范围减少,且围岩应力释放速度减缓,但对巷道底板围岩的支护未达到要求,底板隆起值增加1.5cm;采用全断面喷锚支护后,巷道顶、底板处围岩的竖向位移显著减小,同时巷道两帮围岩水平位移也相应减小,但围岩应力释放的速度加快。The rock in Jinchuan No.2 Mining Area is high stress soft rock.In this paper,the surrounding rock deformation and the supporting effect during the excavation of deep soft rock roadway were investigated.A three-dimensional finite element model was established to simulate dynamically the construction process of roadway.Deformation of surrounding rock supported by different measures was compared and analyzed.The numerical results show that the stress in surrounding rock is released during the excavation of roadway,and it makes the radial extrusion of surrounding rock to the roadway,and the maximum deformation value is 13.1 cm.It would affect the safety of roadway.After using the joint supporting plan of U-shaped steel and bottom inverted arch,the supporting effect on the two sides and roof of roadway is obvious.The horizontal displacement of the two sides of roadway reduces 6.1 cm,and the range of settlement of the roof of roadway decreases.It slows the speed of stress release,but does not meet the supporting requirement for surrounding rock of roadway floor.The swell of surrounding rock of roadway floor increases by 1.5 cm.After the whole section of roadway is sprayed by anchor,the vertical displacement of surrounding rock of roadway roof and floor decreases obviously,and the horizontal displacement of surrounding rock of the two sides of roadway de-creases slightly,but it accelerates the stress release.

关 键 词：数值模拟 高应力软岩 卸荷 变形 巷道支护 

分 类 号：TU941[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]