承德市坝上地区达乌尔黄鼠食性调查分析  

Investigation on the food pattern of Spermophilus dauricus in Bashang areas of Chengde City

作　　者：谭小柏[1] 韩会强[1] 牛璞生[1] 李娜[1] 赵国良[1] 黄志刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]承德市疾病预防控制中心,河北承德067000

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2017年第6期538-540,共3页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

基　　金：河北省2016年度医学科学研究重点课题(编号:20160293)

摘　　要：目的了解达乌尔黄鼠食物组成及其季节性变化,为选择毒饵和有利的灭杀季节、控制鼠密度提供科学依据。方法选取不同生境捕获的达乌尔黄鼠,按捕获时间、性别、年龄进行分组,通过剖胃检查,研究其食性及变化规律。结果达乌尔黄鼠胃内容物以绿色食糜为主的比率最高,为主胃数占总剖胃数83.75%;其后依次为昆虫碎片、根茎、种子,分别占10%、4.17%和2.08%。雌雄鼠食物结构近似,成幼鼠食物结构有差异,年度间食物结构比例差异不大,月际间食物构成比例有一定波动。结论承德坝上地区达乌尔黄鼠是以植物性食物为主的杂食性动物,植物性食物主要由根、茎、叶、种子等组成。动物性食物主要为昆虫。其摄食各类别占比随季节及环境的变化而变化。Objective To investigate the food pattern of the Spermophilus dauricus,and provide scientific basis for the bait selection and rodent density control. Methods The individuals Spermophilus dauricus of different habitats were captured and randomly sampled by acquisition time,gender and age group. The food pattern was studied by dissecting the stomach in different groups.Results The rate of type green chyme was the highest,the number of main stomach accounted for 83. 75%,followed by fragments of insects,root stocks and seeds with the ratios of 10%,4. 17%and 2. 08%.Different composition of the stomach contents was noticed across different age and capture months groups.Conclusion Spermophilus dauricus in Bashang areas is a plant-based diet omnivorous animal,its vegetable food mainly consists of roots,stems,leaves,seeds,and animal food is mainly insects. The food composition varies with environments and seasons.

关 键 词：达乌尔黄鼠 食性 调查分析 

分 类 号：S443[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]