长期施肥下红壤旱地的固碳效率  

Carbon Sequestration Efficiency Under Long-term Fertilization in Dryland of Red Soil

作　　者：柳开楼[1] 叶会财[1] 李大明[1] 黄庆海[1] 余喜初[1] 胡志华[1] 徐小林[1] 胡惠文[1] 周利军[1] 王赛莲[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家红壤改良工程技术研究中心/江西省红壤研究所,南昌330046

出　　处：《土壤》2017年第6期1166-1171,共6页Soils

基　　金：江西现代农业科研协同创新专项(JXXTCX2015003-005);江西省科技支撑计划项目(20141BBF60050);公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费(201203030);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2011CB100501)资助

摘　　要：红壤旱地的有机碳含量普遍较低,通过外源添加有机肥是增加土壤有机碳含量的重要手段。本研究以红壤旱地长期肥料试验为基础,研究了不同施肥处理的土壤有机碳含量和储量的变化规律,并进一步探讨碳投入与玉米产量及土壤碳储量的量化关系。结果表明:施用有机肥可以大幅提升红壤旱地的有机碳含量,氮磷钾+有机肥(NPKM)和有机肥(OM)处理在27年间的增加速率分别为0.08 g/(kg·a)和0.06 g/(kg·a),有机碳储量的增加速率分别为0.24t/(hm^2·a)和0.16 t/(hm^2·a);与不施肥(CK)处理相比,NPKM和OM处理的土壤有机碳含量分别增加了51.5%和42.0%,有机碳储量则分别增加57.1%和45.7%。进一步分析表明,有机碳投入量与土壤有机碳储量变化速率之间存在显著的正相关关系(R^2=0.971 5,P<0.001),且线性拟合方程(y=–0.158+0.086x)表明,双季玉米种植下红壤旱地的固碳效率为8.6%,当有机碳投入量为1.84 t/(hm^2·a)时,红壤旱地的有机碳储量保持平衡。因此,施用有机肥是提高红壤旱地有机碳储量的有效途径,固碳效率和土壤有机碳平衡点则可以有效指导红壤旱地有机肥的管理措施。Soil organic carbon （SOC） content is low in red soil, so the application of organic fertilizers is a better fertilization pattern. A long-term experiment was conducted since 1986 in drylands of red soil with a double corn cropping system under different fertilization regimes in Jinxian county of Jiangxi Province, subtropical China. The contents and pools of SOC were analyzed and the relationship between SOC pools and carbon inputs were assessed. The results showed that organic fertilizers increased the contents and pools of SOC, among 27 years, for NPKIvl （chemical and organic fertilizers） and OM （organic fertilizer） treatments, the increasing rates of SOC contents and SOC pools were 0.08 g/（kg·a） and 0.06 g/（kg·a）, 0.24 t/（hm2·a） and 0.16 t/（hm2·a）, respectively. Compared with CK （control）, SOC contents and SOC pools of NPKM and OM increased by 51.5% and 42.0%, 57.1% and 45.7%, respectively. The relationship between C input amount and SOC pool fitted well the linear equation （y = -0.158 ＋ 0.086x, R2 = 0.971 5, P 〈 0.001）. Carbon sequestration efficiency was 8.6% in double corn cropping system, and SOC pool reached balance when carbon input was 1.84 t/（hm2·a）. Therefore, applying organic fertilizers can improve SOC content and pool, which can provide references for fertilization management in red soil through carbon sequestration efficiency and SOC balance.

关 键 词：土壤有机碳 红壤旱地 长期施肥 有机碳投入量 拟合方程 

分 类 号：S156.6[农业科学—土壤学]