基于排放特性的小型风冷柴油机燃烧过程研究  

Research on Combustion Process of Small Air-cooled Diesel Engine Based on Emission Characteristics

作　　者：刘胜吉[1] 赵宇超[1] 刘荣利 王建[1] 孙永福[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院,江苏镇江212013 [2]隆鑫通用动力股份有限公司,重庆400052

出　　处：《兵工学报》2017年第12期2480-2487,共8页Acta Armamentarii

基　　金：江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(苏证办发[2015]);江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2015188)

摘　　要：小型风冷柴油机受结构限制,中小负荷冷却强度偏大,使柴油机CO、HC的比排放偏高。为了探索CO、HC的生成机理,达到中国非道路柴油机第3阶段排放标准,以186F风冷柴油机为研究对象,研究了不同压缩比、有无排气再循环(EGR)试验条件下的污染物排放特性。结果表明,不同方案的NOx比排放变化率不超过4%,两种压缩比对比结果为:CO、HC的排放分别变化了41.1%和53.9%;有无EGR方案CO、HC的排放分别变化了19.5%和22.5%。通过示功图分析得出结论:CO、HC的生成量主要与滞燃期内的压缩温度有关,在10%负荷工况下压缩终了温度达860 K以上,可有效降低CO、HC的排放;通过不同技术方案协同优化燃烧过程,可使柴油机整机比排放低于中国非道路柴油机第3阶段排放限值。Higher CO and HC emissions of small air-cooled diesel engine are due to the compact structure and high cooling intensity at small and medium loads.To explore the generation mechanisms of CO and HC,and meet China Ⅲ emission standard of non-road diesel engines,the emission characteristics of pollutants under different compression ratios and exhaust gas recirculation test conditions are studied for an186 F air-cooled diesel engine.The results show that the change in the specific emission of NOxis less than 4%,but the changes in the specific emissions of CO and HC are 41.1% and 53.9%,respectively,at two different compression ratios,which are 19.5% and 22.5%,respectively,without EGR.Through the analysis of indicator diagrams,it is concluded that the production of CO and HC is mainly related to the compression temperature during ignition delay.CO and HC emissions can be efficiently decreased when the temperature at the end of compression reaches to 860 K under 10% load.The emission values can be lower than the emission limits of CHINA Ⅲ emission standard based on the different technicalschemes and the optimization of combustion process.

关 键 词：动力机械工程 小型风冷柴油机 燃烧 排放 温度 

分 类 号：TK421[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]