集中排烟公路隧道临界排烟速率计算模型  

Model for prediction of critical smoke extraction rate from road tunnel with central exhaust system

作　　者：姜学鹏[1,2] 陈姝[1,2] 郭昆[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院,湖北武汉430081 [2]武汉科技大学消防安全技术研究所,湖北武汉430081

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2017年第10期50-55,共6页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金资助(2015CFB200);公安部消防局科研计划(2016XFCX20);湖北省教育厅科学研究计划重点项目(D20151104;D20161105)

摘　　要：为合理设计公路隧道排烟系统的排烟量,采用1∶20缩尺寸模型试验的方法,研究临界排烟速率对公路隧道集中排烟系统排烟效率的影响。首先,通过测量火源功率的6个数值、不同机械排烟量条件下排烟口下方烟气层温度、厚度,得到不同火源功率下发生吸穿时的临界排烟速率试验值;然后,将试验值与Heselden模型、TM 19-1995模型计算值进行对比,分析2种排烟模式下的临界排烟速率计算模型的差异性;最后,在TM 19-1995模型的基础上,引入火源功率修正系数,得到修正后随火源功率变化的集中排烟隧道临界排烟速率计算模型。结果表明:集中排烟公路隧道内发生吸穿时的临界排烟速率明显大于Heselden模型、TM 19-1995模型的计算值,且临界排烟速率值与火源功率线性相关。To design a reasonable smoke exhaust volume for the road tunnels with a central exhaust system,the influence of the critical smoke exhaust rate on the efficiency of the central exhaust system was studied with a 1 ∶ 20 scale tunnel model. By measuring the smoke layer temperature,thickness at 6 heat release rates and different mechanical smoke exhaust volumes,and these critical smoke extraction rate test values,corresponding to the plugholing phenomena,were obtained under different heat release rates. A comparison was made between the values of model test and the calculated values. The differences between three kinds of critical smoke exhaust rate calculation models were analyzed. By introducing a correction coefficient of heat release rate to the TM 19-1995 model,an exponential expression was obtained for corrected critical smoke extraction rate as a function of the heat release rate. The results show that the critical smoke extraction rates calculated by both the Heselden model and the TM 19-1995 model,are smaller than the measured rates,and there is a linear correlation relation between the critical smote extraction rate and the heat release rate.

关 键 词：公路隧道 缩尺寸试验 集中排烟系统 吸穿 临界排烟速率计算模型 

分 类 号：X928.7[环境科学与工程—安全科学]