QFD和模糊二元语义模型在危险品运输风险管控中的应用  

Application of QFD and fuzzy 2-tuple linguistic model in hazmat transportation risk management and control

作　　者：杨强[1] 张旭 罗涛 李延来[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学交通运输与物流学院,四川成都610031 [2]广州铁路(集团)公司货运处,广东广州510088

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2017年第10期75-80,共6页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(71371156)

摘　　要：为有效控制危险品运输风险、保障运输服务质量,提出基于质量功能配置(QFD)和二元语义的运输风险管控方法。首先,基于QFD的核心技术质量屋(Ho Q)识别危险品运输过程中的风险影响因素,并建立有层次结构的风险评价指标体系;其次,基于二元语义模型评估危险品运输风险影响因素综合重要度;特别地,基于G1法和熵值法构建使专家主客观权重偏差最小化的综合赋权模型,确定评估专家的相对权重。研究结果表明:QFD有助于识别危险品运输风险影响因素,二元语义既方便表达评估结果,又能有效避免损失决策信息。具体地,危险品运输风险管控应着重于应急预防设备、从业人员专业技能和风险应急预案等3方面。For the sake of controlling the hazmat transportation risk and ensuring the quality of transportation service,this paper was aimed at working out a transportation risk management and control method based on QFD and fuzzy 2-tuple linguistic model. Firstly,based on house of quality（Ho Q）,a core technology of QFD,risk factors in the hazmat transportation process were identified and then a hierarchical structure of the risk evaluation index system was established. Secondly,the comprehensive importance rating of each risk factor was evaluated based on fuzzy linguistic evaluation model. In particular,a comprehensive weighting model was built that can minimize the distance between subjective weights and objective weights for determining the experts＇ relative weights based on G1 method and the entropy method.The research results show that QFD helps to identify the risk factors affecting hazmat transportation and the fuzzy 2-tuple linguistic model not only facilitates the expression of the evaluation results but also effectivelyavoids the loss of decision information,and that the transportation risk management and control should pay more attention to emergency equipment,professional skills of practitioners and emergency plans.

关 键 词：危险品运输 质量功能配置(QFD) 综合赋权 模糊二元语义模型 相对重要度 风险管控 

分 类 号：X951[环境科学与工程—安全科学]