介孔碳的研究进展及应用  

Recent progress in the synthesis and applications of mesoporous carbon materials

作　　者：李鹏刚 王靖轩 郭飞飞[1] 何昱轩 唐光贝 罗永明[1] 朱文杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《化工进展》2018年第1期149-158,共10页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21307046);云南省科技计划(2015FB120)项目

摘　　要：介孔碳是一类新型的具有巨大比表面积和孔体积的介孔材料,可以通过不同的方法合成并对其孔结构和形貌进行调节。本文主要综述了介孔碳及介孔碳基复合材料的合成方法,对比阐述了不同方法制备的介孔碳材料所具备的孔道结构和形貌。介绍了将不同非金属和金属元素及其氧化物掺杂在介孔碳中合成复合材料,发现制备的复合材料具有更优的性能且掺杂元素不同复合材料的形貌和孔道结构不同。此外,简要说明了介孔碳及碳基复合材料在环境、催化、储能、电化学和生物医学等方面的应用,指出其在各个领域的应用仍存在不足。调整介孔碳的孔结构和表面性能、采用更简便易控制的合成方法将成为制备介孔碳及碳基材料的主要研究方向。Mesoporous carbon with specific surface area and various pore volume is a new type mesoporous material.Usually,the pore structures and morphology of mesoporous carbons can be adjusted by using several methods.This study mainly summarizes the synthetic method of mesoporous carbons and mesoporous carbon-based composites,and compares the pore structure and morphology of mesoporous carbon materials prepared by different methods.Doping diverse non-metal or metal and its oxide in mesoporous carbon to prepare composite materials are also introduced.It has been found that the prepared mesoporous carbon composite material have better performance,and the composite materials containing different doping elements possess different morphologies and textures.Moreover,this article briefly introduces their applications in environment,biomedicine,energy storage,electrochemistry,and catalysis as well as their deficiencies in application.Finally,we believe that adjusting pore structure and surface properties of mesoporous carbons and developing simple synthetic method will be the future research directions.

关 键 词：介孔碳 掺杂 复合材料 合成 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]