磷肥对铅锌矿区土壤-白菜中重金属积累的阻控  

Control of heavy metal accumulations in soil-cabbage(Brassica chinensis L.) system of lead/zinc mine tailings using phosphorus fertilizer

作　　者：孙叶芳 邢海 吴卫红[2] 闻秀娟 顾超 叶昆 顾国平 

机构地区：[1]绍兴市农业科学研究院,浙江绍兴312000 [2]杭州电子科技大学材料科学与环境工程学院,杭州311018

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2017年第6期787-796,共10页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金(LY14D010009);浙江省绍兴市科技计划(2015B70027)

摘　　要：通过向铅锌矿区土壤添加过磷酸钙、钙镁磷肥和磷矿粉,研究3种不同磷肥对土壤p H、土壤水溶态重金属及白菜中重金属含量的影响,阐明磷肥对土壤-白菜中重金属积累的阻控作用。结果表明,与对照相比,各个添加水平的磷酸钙、钙镁磷肥和磷矿粉处理都能显著降低土壤中水溶态Pb、Zn、Cu和Cd含量,对白菜中重金属积累有一定的阻控作用。在铅锌矿区影响白菜生长的主要土壤因子是pH值,白菜中的Pb、Zn、Cu和Cd与土壤水溶态Pb、Zn、Cu和Cd呈显著正相关。500 g/m^2的磷矿粉处理对土壤中水溶态Pb和Cd的降低效果最好,均降低了66.7%,对白菜中Pb积累的阻控效果也最为明显,降低了62%;500 g/m^2的钙镁磷肥处理对土壤中水溶态Zn和Cu的去除效果最为明显,分别降低了97.1%和88.9%,对白菜中Zn、Cu和Cd积累的阻控效果也最为明显,分别降低了57.4%、49.7%和46%。说明在铅锌矿区土壤中施加钙镁磷肥是一种实用且有效的改良措施。Contamination by trace elements resulted from abandoned mines presented a serious environmental concern and posed a significant threat to the environment and human health. Consequently, there has been an increasing effort for developing cost-effective technologies for minimizing the mobility of trace metals and their bioavailability in contaminated mine-tailing soils. Although the mechanisms involved in immobilization of heavy metals using phosphorus amendments have been intensively investigated, the implementation of this technology is limited in the field for remediation of soils and vegetables contaminated by lead and zinc mining tailings.In this study, a field demonstration of this control technology was conducted at lead and zinc mining tailings heavily contaminated by lead（Pb）. The main objective of this field experiment was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of phosphorus fertilizers on p H and in-situ heavy metal immobilization of the soil, including single superphosphate（SSP）,phosphate rock（PR）, and calcium-magnesium phosphate（CMP）, observe the changes of water-soluble fractionation in the contaminated soil in relation with Pb accumulation by cabbage, and evaluate the feasibility using phosphorus fertilizers for in-situ immobilization of heavy metals in the contaminated soil.The three phosphorus fertilizers were added to the soil at a phosphorus equivalent application rate of 50, 300 and 500 g/m^2, respectively. The correlation between soil p H and water-soluble heavy metals（Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd）, and the correlation between water-soluble heavy metals and heavy metal uptake in cabbage were elaborated. The efficiency of the three different phosphorus fertilizers in decreasing the bioavailability of heavy metals in soil was also evaluated.It was showed that the addition of different phosphorus fertilizers（SSP, CMP and PR） could decrease the watersoluble heavy metals（Pb, Zn, Cu and Cd） and heavy metal uptake by cabbage, and also change the p H values of soil. A negati

关 键 词：磷肥 铅锌矿 重金属 阻控 

分 类 号：S154.1[农业科学—土壤学]