中国装备制造业技术创新效率及影响因素研究——基于研发与成果转化两个阶段的分析  

Research on Technological Innovation Efficiency and Influence Factors in China's Equipment Manufacturing Industry:An Analysis based on R&D and Achievement Transformation

作　　者：王江[1] 陶磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学经济与管理学院/北京现代制造业发展研究基地,北京100124

出　　处：《商业研究》2017年第12期175-180,192,共7页Commercial Research

基　　金：北京市社科规划项目特别委托项目;项目编号:13JDJGD004;北京工业大学人文社科基金重点项目;项目编号:011000514315508

摘　　要：在全球价值链重构背景下,改变中国装备制造业"大而不强"的现状,加强产业自主创新研发能力,提升装备制造业技术创新效率成为国家实施强国战略亟待解决的重大问题。本文运用DEA-Malmquist方法分阶段测算装备制造业各行业技术创新效率,应用面板数据构建Tobit模型对影响中国装备制造业技术创新效率的因素进行分析,旨在为该问题的描述及研究提供一个可能有价值的视角。研究表明:中国装备制造业技术创新效率整体偏低,明显存在投入冗余和产出不足的现象,装备制造业内部各行业技术创新效率严重不均衡;研发阶段与成果转化阶段技术创新效率投入产出不匹配,成果转化效率低的短板明显;技术创新效率对全要素生产率提升的作用明显小于技术效率与规模效率的贡献;外部影响因素中,外贸依存度对技术创新效率的提升产生了抑制效果。Under the background of global value chain reconstruction, changing the current situation of China＇s equipment manufacturing industry ＂big but not strong＂, strengthening the independent innovation R＆D capability to upgrade the tech- nological innovation efficiency of equipment manufacturing industry has become a major problem to be solved urgently for the country to implement the strategy of ＂great power＂. The paper uses DEA-Malmquist method to measure the technologi- cal innovation efficiency of equipment manufacturing industry in different stages, and builds Tobit model with panel data to analyze the factors that influence the technological innovation efficiency of China＇s equipment manufacturing industry, ai- ming at providing a potentially valuable perspective for the description and study of the problem. Results show the overall technological innovation efficiency of China＇s equipment manufacturing industry is low, there being obvious phenomenon of redundant input and insufficient output, and the technological innovation efficiency of various industries in the equipment manufacturing industry is seriously unbalanced; the R＆D phase is not matched with the achievement transformation stage in input and output of technological innovation efficiency, and the short board with low efficiency of achievement transforma- tion is obvious; the effect of technological innovation efficiency on the promotion of total factor productivity is obviously less than the contribution of technical efficiency and scale efficiency; among the external factors, the degree of dependence on foreign trade has an inhibitory effect on the improvement of technological innovation efficiency.

关 键 词：装备制造业 技术创新效率 技术创新过程 影响因素 

分 类 号：F224.0[经济管理—国民经济] F424.3