饮马河支流伊通河农村段水质时空特征及评价研究  

Temporal and spatial characteristics and evaluation of water quality in Yitong River rural section of Yinma River tributary

作　　者：江静[1] 王咏[1] 张刚[1] 阳涛 王肇钧[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学环境学院,吉林长春130117

出　　处：《东北师大学报（自然科学版）》2017年第4期140-148,共9页Journal of Northeast Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项课题(2014ZX07201-011);吉林省教育厅"十三五"科学技术项目(JJKH20170922KJ)

摘　　要：为掌握伊通河下游段(农村段)水环境质量时空变化特征,2015年4—11月非冰封期间,在伊通河下游20km农村河段设置了10个控制断面,并进行了逐月的水质监测,指标包括COD、NH_4^+-N、TN和TP;基于上述水质监测数据,运用单因子评价法、内梅罗污染指数法、综合污染指数法以及综合水质标识指数法对目标河段水质进行了评价.结果表明:4种评价方法均表明该段水环境质量明显不达标,所有监控断面均属劣Ⅴ黑臭水质.研究河段各断面COD、NH_4^+-N、TN和TP浓度变化趋势基本一致;支流中央沟渠和支流二道河子的COD之和是伊通河COD总量的2.4%,而NH_4^+-N、TP和TN的总量不足伊通河总量的1%;伊通河农村段污染物主要来源是上游城区段(长春市主城区)来水及农村段(农安县区片)的农业面源污染,包括畜禽养殖排水、农村生活污水等.根据评价结果,提出了适合该段水环境质量改善的措施建议.Yinma River is a tributary of Songhua River and Yitong River is an important tributary of Yinma River. During the period from April to November in 2015 ,a total of 10 control sections were set up in the 20 kin-long reach of the lower reaches of the Yitong River,and the water quality of the lower reaches of Yitong River （rural section）. Based on the above water quality monitoring data, the indexes including COD,NH＋-N,TN and TP were used to monitor the water quality of the target. The single factor assessment method, nemero pollution index method, integrated pollution index method and comprehensive water quality index water quality of the section of the water quality evaluation, and combined with the evaluation results for the proposed section of the water quality improvement measures recommendations. The results showed that the four evaluation methods all showed that the water environment quality of this section was not up to the standard, and all the monitoring sections were inferior black and odorous water. The COD and NH＋-N, TN and TP concentrations in different sections of the study section are basically the same. The sum of the COD of the tributary central ditch and the tributary Erdaohezi is 2.4% of the total COD of the Yitong River,while NH＋-N,TP and the total amount of TN is less than 1% of the total amount of the Yitong River. The monitoring data show that the main pollutants in the rural section of Yitong River are the upstream urban section （the main urban area of Changchun City） and the rural section of Nong＇an County agricultural non-point source pollution, including livestock and poultry breeding drainage, rural domestic sewage. Analysis and discussion shows that a comprehensive and comprehensive treatment for rivers is the most effective way to solve the complex pollution phenomenon of heavily polluted rivers.

关 键 词：饮马河 伊通河 农村段水体 农业面源 氮磷 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]