糖聚肽高分子的合成、自组装及生物医学应用  

Glycopolypeptides: Synthesis, Self-assembly and Biomedical Applications

作　　者：肖春生[1] 丁建勋[1] 贺超良[1] 陈学思[1] 

机构地区：[1]f中国科学院长春应用化学研究所中国科学院生态环境高分子重点实验室,长春130022

出　　处：《高分子学报》2018年第1期45-55,共11页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(基金号51773196,51573184,51390484,51520105004); 中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(项目号2017266)资助

摘　　要：糖聚肽高分子是一类由聚肽(也称聚氨基酸)和糖类化合物(包括单糖、寡糖和多糖)构成的生物可降解高分子.糖聚肽高分子具有与天然糖蛋白分子类似的化学组成,能够在一定程度上模拟天然糖蛋白的结构和性能,近年来引起了学术界的广泛研究兴趣.本文总结了糖聚肽高分子的合成方法及其在水溶液中的自组装行为,并着重评述了糖聚肽高分子在生物分子识别、靶向基因/药物传输和组织工程支架等生物医学领域中的应用.Glycopolypeptides are a kind of biodegradable polymers consisting of polypeptides（polyamino acid） and carbohydrates（such as monosaccharide, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides）. Owing to their chemical similarity to glycoproteins, glycopolypeptides can, to some extent, mimic the structure and function of natural glycoproteins, and have attracted broad attention recently. Two general strategies have been developed for the synthesis of glycopolypeptides, i.e. direct polymerization of glycosylated monomers and post-polymerization glycosylation of reactive polypeptides. Although the synthesis of glycopolypeptides can be traced back to sixty years ago, the synthesis of glycopolypeptides with Control architectures and high molecular weights can be achieved when high purified sugar-substituted amino acid N-carboxyanhydride（NCA） monomers for Control ring-opening polymerization and ＂clickable＂ polypeptides for ＂click＂ glycosylation have been extensively developed. Based on these advances on Control synthesis of glycopolypeptides, many efforts are devoted to studying the self-assembly of amphiphilic glycopolypeptide（co）polymers into various nano-structures, such as micelles, vesicles and nanorods. More interestingly, hierarchical self-assembly of an alternating amphiphilic glycopolypeptide to mimic the complex structure of natural glyc℃onjugates also has been achieved. In addition, as a kind of structural mimics of natural glycoproteins, the synthetic glycopolypeptides are capable of binding selectively to various carbohydrate-binding proteins, such as lectins. And the lectin-binding ability is confirmed to be dependent on the type, composition, density and distribution pattern of the sugar residues on the polypeptide backbone. Also, due to the presence of carbohydrate-binding proteins on cell surfaces, especially on the surface of cancer cells, glycopolypeptides have been widely investigated as bi℃ompatible nan℃arrieres for targeted drug/gene delivery. Most recently, glycopolypeptides-based

关 键 词：糖聚肽 聚氨基酸 开环聚合 自组装 生物医学应用 

分 类 号：O636[理学—高分子化学]