山东省德州市2016年麻疹疫情高发的流行因素分析  

Factors associated with the high incidence of measles in Dezhou city of Shandong province,2016

作　　者：王洁[1] 于晓卿[1] 郭威[1] 段圣平 杨晓 高志坚[1] 

机构地区：[1]德州市疾病预防控制中心,山东德州253016

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2017年第6期662-665,共4页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：2017-2018年度山东预防医学会智飞疾病预防控制技术研究基金项目计划(青年项目)-德州市麻疹流行病学特征及麻疹传播的影响因素研究(编号LYH2017-33)

摘　　要：目的分析山东省德州市2016年麻疹病例的流行病学特征及其高发的影响因素。方法对2016年报告的麻疹病例进行描述性流行病学分析。结果德州市2016年报告麻疹确诊病例563例,发病率为9.79/10万。报告10起麻疹暴发疫情,其中8起为家庭内传播。在全部病例中,1-4月份发生占90.41%;≤6岁、≥23岁人群分别占49.02%、44.58%。在8月龄-6岁病例中,57.06%(101/177)无含麻疹成分疫苗(MCV)免疫史,其中生病延误接种占55.45%(56/101);44.94%(253/563)在发病前7-21天有医疗机构暴露史;64.30%(362/563)为异地就诊报告。结论未接种和不及时接种MCV是2016年儿童麻疹发病的主要原因,医疗机构暴露和易感者积累是疫情扩散的重要因素。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles and factors associated with high incidences in Dezhou city of Shandong province,2016. Methods We analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of measles cases reported in 2016 using descriptive methods. Results 563 confirmed measles cases were reported in Dezhou in 2016,for an incidence of 9. 79 per 100 000 population. Ten measles outbreaks were reported,of which 8 resulted from family transmission. Among all cases,90. 41% occurred from January to April,and ≤ 6 year olds and ≥ 23 year olds accounted for49. 02% and 44. 58%,respectively. Among cases aged 8 months to 6 years,57. 06%（ 101/177） had no history of vaccination with measles containing vaccine（ MCV）,among which 55. 45%（ 56/101）missed vaccinations were due to illness; 44. 94%（ 253/563） had been exposed to measles in hospitals 7-21 days before onset; and 64. 30%（ 362/563） were reported from non-local areas. Conclusions No MCV vaccination or untimely MCV vaccination were associated with measles in 2016. Exposures in hospitals and the accumulation of susceptible persons were important factors for transmission of measles.

关 键 词：麻疹 流行特征 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]