表面活性剂对磷钾伴生矿中钾浸出的影响  

Effect of Surfactants on Leaching of Potassium from Phosphorus-Potassium Associated Ore

作　　者：刘存成[1] 马家玉[1,2] 覃远航[1,2] 吴再坤[1,2] 王存文[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学化工与制药学院,湖北武汉430205 [2]绿色化工过程教育部重点实验室(武汉工程大学),湖北武汉430205

出　　处：《武汉工程大学学报》2017年第6期536-540,共5页Journal of Wuhan Institute of Technology

基　　金：湖北省教育厅科学技术研究计划青年人才项目(Q20151506)

摘　　要：针对我国严重匮乏可溶性钾盐资源,而非可溶性钾资源却非常丰富,如磷钾伴生矿,因而探索从磷钾伴生矿中提取可溶性钾具有重要意义.本文强化了磷钾伴生矿的酸浸过程,研究了在HCl-CaF_2体系下,表面活性剂对磷钾伴生矿中钾浸出的影响.结果表明:阴离子表面活性剂可以强化钾的浸出,阳离子表面活性剂对钾的浸出未产生明显影响,非离子表面活性剂会抑制钾的浸出.通过筛选得到较佳的表面活性剂为十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS),其添加量为1.25 g/L,与未添加SDS的相比,钾浸出率提高了约8.5%,达到了98.01%.China is rich in the insoluble potash ores such as phosphorus-potassium associated ore compared with the soluble hoevellite as a scarce resource in China. Thus， the extraction of soluble potassium from phosphorus-potassium associated ore has important significance. The intensification of the acid leaching process of phosphorus-potassium associated ore was investigated in this paper. The effect of surfactants on the leaching of potassium from phosphorus-potassium ore in HCl-CaF2 media was studied. It was found that anion surfactants could enhance the dissolution fraction of potassium. Cationic surfactants has not obvious effect and nonionic surfactants could inhibit the leaching of potassium. Moreover， sodium dodecyl sulfate （SDS） has the best effect in the selected surfactants. The leaching rate of potassium increases by 8.5% compared with no SDS and reaches 98.01% by adding 1.25 g/L SDS.

关 键 词：表面活性剂 磷钾伴生矿 钾 钾长石 浸出率 

分 类 号：TF826.1[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TQ443.5[化学工程—化学肥料工业]