2015年江苏省17个病区县饮水型氟中毒监测结果分析  

Analysis of monitoring results of drinking water-based fluorosis in the 17 diseased areas in Jiangsu Province in 2015

作　　者：刘茂[1] 夏玉婷[1] 汪旸[1] 王彩生[1] 王培桦[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省疾病预防控制中心环境疾病(地方病)防制所,南京210009

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2018年第1期40-44,共5页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：江苏省血地寄防科研基金（X201119、X201120）

摘　　要：目的掌握江苏省饮水型氟中毒病区病情以及降氟改水工程运转实施情况，为进一步做好饮水型氟中毒防治工作提供科学依据。方法2015年，在江苏省选取17个饮水型氟中毒病区县区（统称为县），每个县抽取3个病区村（不足3个时全选）作为监测村，调查监测村改水状况、改水工程运转情况以及水氟含量。对所有监测村进行8。12岁儿童氟斑牙检查。抽取2个监测县的监测村开展成人氟骨症x线及尿氟监测。结果共监测47个病区村，其中，已改水46个，未改水1个，改水率为97．87％（46／47）。改水工程正常运转45个．间歇运转1个．正常运转率为97．83％（45／46）。改水工程水氟合格42个，水氟合格率为91．30％（42／46）。水氟合格监测村儿童氟斑牙检出率为15．56％（600／3855），氟斑牙指数为0．29；水氟超标监测村儿童氟斑牙检出率为57．30％（267／466），氟斑牙指数为1．21。未改水村水氟含量在1．2～2．0mg／L，儿童氟斑牙检出率为40．91％（36／88）．氟斑牙指数为0．66。2个监测县成人X线氟骨症检出率为5．16％（16／310），尿氟几何均值为0．67mg／L．尿氟范围为0．02～2．76mg／L。结论江苏省饮水型氟中毒病区已开展的降氟改水工程取得一定防治效果，但出现改水工程水氟超标现象，应加强维护和监管力度，确保改水工程正常运转。Objective To master the condition of drinking water fluorosis in Jiangsu Province and the operation of improved-water project, and to provide a scientific basis for further prevention and treatment of drinking water fluorosis. Methods In 2015, 17 drinking water fluorosis counties were selected in Jiangsu Province, and 3 villages in each county were selected as monitoring sites, when the number of drinking water fluorosis villages was less than 3, all of the drinking water fluorosis villages were selected as monitoring sites. To know the progress and running conditions of the improved-water facilities, water samples were collected to determine the fluorosis level. All children aged 8 - 12 years were monitored for dental fluorosis. Two monitoring counties were selected to monitor the X-ray changes and urinary fluoride of adults with skeletal fluorosis. Results A total of 47 villages were surveyed, 46 of which had water improved, and 1 had water unimproved. The rate of water improved was 97.87% （46/47）. The number of improved-water facilities that were operating normally was 45, and the rate was 97.83% （45/46）. The number of intermittent operation was 1. The number of improved-water facilities with qualified water fluoride was 42, and the rate was 91.3~ （42/46）. In the villages with normal improved-water facilities, and qualified water fluoride, the total rate of dental fluorosis of children aged 8 to 12 was 15.56% （600/3 855）, and the dental fluorosis index was 0.29. In the villages with normal improved-water facilities, but unqualified water fluoride, the total rate of dental fluorosis of children aged 8 to 12 was 57.30% （267/466）, and the dental fluorosis index was 1.21. The range of water fluoride in water unimproved villages was 1.2 - 2.0 mg/L, and the total rate of dental fluorosis of children aged 8 to 12 was 40.91% （36/88）, and the dental fluorosis index was 0.66. The detection rate of skeletal fluorosis in adults was 5.16% （16/310）, the geometric mean of urinary fluoride was 0.67

关 键 词：水 氟 氟斑牙 氟骨症 

分 类 号：R599.1[医药卫生—内科学]