基于性能改善的厌氧颗粒污泥调控机理研究  

Study on the Regulation Mechanism of Anaerobic Granular Sludge Based on Performance Improvement

作　　者：王娜[1] 彭党聪[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《水处理技术》2018年第1期21-25,共5页Technology of Water Treatment

基　　金：陕西省住房和城乡建设厅科技计划项目(2015-K65)

摘　　要：针对UASB反应器污泥上浮导致污泥大量流失的问题,本研究以实际生产废水为基质,通过对连续实验过程中颗粒污泥形态、活性及微生物种群结构解析,旨在确定厌氧颗粒污泥性能的改善策略及调控机理。结果表明,通过缩短水力停留时间(HRT)提高进水负荷(OLR),发酵系统能够实现高负荷条件下的稳定高效运行,同时污泥沉降速度从41.3 m/h提高到74.8 m/h,污泥结构经历了由松散变密实的变化过程;通过对微生物群落结构的解析,颗粒污泥内部的乙酸型产甲烷菌及氢营养型产甲烷菌的数量提高了1.8倍,促进了乙酸的SMA从0.493 g COD/(g VSS·d)增至0.664 g COD/(g VSS·d),丙酸SMA由0.398 g COD/(g VSS·d)升高为0.588 g COD/(g VSS·d),同时有效降低了系统的氢分压。在改善了颗粒污泥形态结构的同时使其活性得到了明显提升,成功地解决污泥上浮问题。Aiming at the problem of sludge loss caused by sludge floating in UASB reactor, based on the actual production wastewater, morphology, activity and microbial community structure of granular sludge in continuous experiment was analyzed, and the improvement strategy and regulation mechanism for anaerobic granular sludge performance were determined. The results indicated that, shortening the hydraulic retention time （HRT） and increasing volume loading rate （OLR）, fermentation system could achieve stable and efficient operation under high load conditions, the settling velocity of granular sludge increased from 41.3 m/h to 74.8 m/h as well, the sludge structure had experienced a process from loose to dense. Through the analysis of the microbial community structure, and found that the number of acetate utilizing Archaea and hydrogen utilizing Achaea has increased by 1.8 times. The methanogenic activity of sludge increased gradually, In particular, the SMA of acetic acid increased from 0.493 gCOD/（gVSS d） to 0.664 gCOD/ （gVSS d）, the SMA of propionate increased from 0.398 gCOD/（gVSS d） to 0.588 gCOD/（gVSS d）. Meanwhile, the hydrogen partial pressure of the system was effectively reduced. The structure of granular sludge was improved, and its activity was improved obviously, which successfully solved the problem of sludge floating.

关 键 词：UASB 饮料废水 污泥上浮 污泥形态 微生物种群 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]