双膜法应急饮用水处理应用研究  

Experimental Study on UF&RO Technology in Emergency Drinking Water Treatment

作　　者：郭庆龄 边奇 甘树 李晏春 王鑫阳 杨岳平[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环境与资源学院,310058 [2]浙江至美环境科技有限公司,浙江杭州310030

出　　处：《水处理技术》2018年第1期84-87,共4页Technology of Water Treatment

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2014BAK13B03)

摘　　要：以有机微污染水作为原水,探讨超滤-反渗透双膜法应急饮用水处理系统对各污染指标的去处效果,提出原水水质建议性标准,为双膜法应急饮用水处理技术的实际应用提供理论支持。结果表明,典型的城市内河超标污染物一般有总大肠菌群、氨氮、总氮及二氯甲烷、三氯乙醛等消毒副产物和乙醛等消毒副产物前驱物质;对照生活饮用水卫生标准,双膜法技术对于水中COD、BOD_5、阴离子表面活性剂和二氯甲烷的去除率较低,分别为15%、6.9%、28.6%、46.7%,对石油类物质去除效果不明显,其他指标去除率均在80%~99%之间,针对不同类型的原水应考虑与其他水处理工艺结合;当原水接近中性时,反渗透产水呈弱酸性,需增加矿化调质单元,调节水质。根据实验中对各污染指标的去除率以及我国生活饮用水卫生标准,双膜法应急饮用水处理产水达标的情况下原水水质应达到地表水环境质量标准V类及以上,或者原水中COD、BOD_5、阴离子表面活性剂、二氯甲烷和石油类物质的含量不超过23.5、4.29、0.28、0.038和0.005 mg/L。Ultrafiltration/reverseosmosis double membrane technology was used in emergency drinking water treatment system to research the removal efficiency of each pollution parameter, and the organic micro-polluted water was used as the raw water, recommended standard of raw water quality was put forward to provide theoretical support for emergency drinking water treatment by double membrane technology. The test indicated that, typical urban river pollutants included total coliform bacteria, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and some disinfection by-products such as dichloromethane trichloracetic aldehyde and some precursors such as acetaldehyde. Compared to ＇Hygienic Standard for Drinking Water＇ （GB5749-2006）, ＂UF and RO technology hada lower removal rate on COD, BOD, anionic surfactants and methylene chloride, which was 15%, 6.9%, 28.6% and 46.7% respectively, the removal rate on petroleum oil was 0%, and other index removal rate was between 80%~99%.This technology should be combined with other water treatment technology for different types of raw water. When raw water was close to neutral, the producing water from reverse osmosis presented slightly acidic, so it needed to add mineralization process for water quality adjustment. According to this removal rate and ＇Hygienic Standard for Drinking Water＇, and provided the producing water which treated by double membrane reach the standard, the raw water must met requiremetlt of Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water＇ or the content of COD, BOD, anionic surfactants, methylene chloride and petroleum oil not exceeded 23.5 nag/L,4.29 mg/L, 0.28 mg/L, 0.038 mg/L and 0.005 mg/L respectively.

关 键 词：双膜法 有机微污染 应急饮用水 消毒副产物 矿化调质 

分 类 号：TQ028.8[化学工程] TU991.2[建筑科学—市政工程]