黔南地区不同民族农村留守老年人日常生活功能受损现况及影响因素分析  

Activities of daily living and its influencing factors of the different ethnic groups of the left-behind elderly in rural minority areas,Qiannan

作　　者：周全湘 卜苏洪 佘福强[1] 李晓艳[1] 余跃生[1] 赵倩[1] 曹显明[1] 杨敬源 

机构地区：[1]黔南民族医学高等专科学校,贵州都匀558000 [2]贵州医科大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室,贵州贵阳550004

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2018年第1期95-98,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：黔南民族医学高等专科学校校基金项目(QNYZ201513)

摘　　要：目的了解贵州黔南民族地区汉族、布依族和水族农村留守老年人日常生活功能受损现况及分析影响因素。方法采取多级整群抽样方法,从贵州黔南民族地区3个县抽取符合要求的汉族、布依族和水族留守老年人,共1 033人。用自制问卷调查留守老年人一般情况、慢性病情况及日常生活功能等。结果贵州黔南民族地区不同民族的留守老年人日常生活功能受损差异有统计学意义(=17.197,P<0.05),其中汉族日常生活功能受损率最低(40.89%),布依族居中(49.60%),水族受损率最高(60.34%),不同民族日常生活功能受损的多因素分析结果显示,除年龄和就诊便利情况是共同影响因素外,不同民族的日常生活功能受损影响因素不同。结论少数民族农村地区应合理配置基层医疗卫生资源,根据不同民族特点应因地制宜制定相应卫生政策,加强对高龄留守老年人健康教育及健康生活方式指导,以减少民族地区留守老年人伤残失能提高其健康水平和生命质量。Objective To describe the activities of daily living of the han, bouyi and shui ethnic groups of the left - behind elderly in rural minority areas of Qiannan and to analysis its influencing factors. Methods Using multilevel sampling investigation, 1 033 elderly with ban, houyei and shui ethnic were investigated in three counties of Qiannan rural minority areas. Their general condition, physical condition and the activities of daily living information were collected by questionnaire. Results It was significant different （ x2 = 17. 197, P 〈 0.05 ） among elderly with different ethnic. The functional impairment rate in han ethnic group was the lowest （40. 89% ）, the shui ethnic group was the highest （60. 34% ）, the bouyei ethnic group was 49.60% . Multivariate analysis showed that age and disease treatment convenient condition were the influencing factors, however, different ethnic groups had different influence factors. Conclusion In order to improve health condition and life quality of the elderly in this area, health education should he strengthened, positive and optimistic lifestyle should be cultivated, reasonable health care services should be provided. At the same time, the government should afford a rational primary medical and health institutions.

关 键 词：民族 老年人 日常生活活动 影响因素 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]