离合词的音系特征及其神经基础研究  

A Study on Phonological Character of Split Words and Its Neural Basis

作　　者：顾介鑫 杨亦鸣 马勇 沈兆勇 

机构地区：[1]江苏师范大学语言科学与艺术学院/语言科学研究院/江苏高校语言能力协同创新中心,江苏徐州221009 [2]江苏师范大学物理与电子工程学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《语言研究》2018年第1期63-73,共11页Studies in Language and Linguistics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"汉语复合词的认知神经机制研究"(12CYY021);国家社会科学基金重大招标项目"神经语言学研究及学科建设研究"(10&ZD126);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)"中国语言文学";江苏高校哲学社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"语音加工的神经机制及语音识别建模研究"(2012JDXM016)

摘　　要：汉语离合词可作有限的扩展,是违反词汇整体性原则的一个特例。离合词这一潜在可扩展性的语法特征影响它的音系特征,离合词"离用"而形成的两音节间潜在空位(potential gap)促使其在语音表达式上表现为在音步形成上为一音步、有两音步潜势,在重音分布上为左重、有右重潜势,即在音系层面上也体现为复合词、短语之间的过渡状态。汉语离合词内部这一潜在空位获得了小样本语音实验的证实。跟进的ERP(event-related potential,ERP)实验发现,同为双音节VO式的复合词、离合词、短语诱发了波幅依次增大的P200(150-180ms),而P200反映阅读时的语音加工,该实验结果证明离合词这一特殊的音系特征是有相应神经基础的。Chinese split words are exception for lexical integrity hypothesis （LIH）, for they have a restricted potentiality of being seParated. In present study, it was proved that the potential separability in grammatical level for disyllabic VO split words can be mapped to phonological level with a left stress accompanied by a potential right stress, and one foot accompanied by potential two feet because of the potential gap emerging in splitting language use, i.e., a phonological interim between disyllabic VO compound words and disyllabic VO phrases, similar to interim for Chinese split words grammatical case. Moreover, the potential gap was verified in a subsequent small sample phonology experiment. In a following event-related potential （ERP） study, it was found that VO compound words, VO split words, and VO phases elicited a graded enlarged P200 （150-180 ms）. In reading studies, P200 was indicated to reflect the phonological processing. The results indicated that graded P200 （150-180ms） underlies the proposal for split words have their phonological characters compared to compound words and phrases.

关 键 词：离合词 可扩展性 音步 重音 事件相关电位(ERP) 

分 类 号：H116[语言文字—汉语] H017