抗除草剂转基因油菜与野芥菜的抗性回交3代子4代的适合度  

Fitness of herbicide resistant BC3F_5 between two herbicide-resistant transgenic oilseed rapes and wild Brassica juncea

作　　者：卞清 王晓蕾[1] 强胜[1] 宋小玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学杂草研究室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2017年第6期737-745,共9页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：转基因生物新品种培育科技重大专项子课题(2016ZX08012005-006);国家自然科学基金项目(31270579)

摘　　要：为深入研究抗除草剂转基因油菜与野芥菜的抗性回交后代适合度,分析抗性基因是否渗入近缘杂草野芥菜中,研究了抗草甘膦和抗草丁膦转基因油菜与野芥菜的抗性正反回交3代子4代(BC3F_5)在2种种植方式(单种,野芥菜与回交后代等比例混种)及2个种植密度(低密度为15株/3m2,高密度为30株/3m2)下的适合度。结果发现,在单种和低密度等比例混种条件下,抗性BC3F_5的各适合度成分以及总适合度均已达到与野芥菜相当的水平;在高密度等比例混种时,BC3F_5R(抗草甘膦的BC3F_5)与野芥菜的各适合度成分以及总适合度均无显著差异,但BC3F_5L(抗草丁膦的BC3F_5)的主要适合度成分和总适合度均显著低于野芥菜。相关性分析结果表明,野芥菜和抗性BC3F_5的主要适合度成分与种植密度显著相关。因此结论认为,抗草甘膦或抗草丁膦的正反回交3代子4代在自然环境条件下的生存能力强,抗草甘膦转基因油菜的抗性基因漂移到野芥菜可能引起的生态风险比抗草丁膦转基因的生态风险更大。因此防范转基因作物的基因逃逸不仅要防范转基因作物与近缘杂草的初始杂交,而且要防范杂交后代与杂草的回交。In order to provide a base data for evaluating whether the herbicide resistant transgene from oilseed rape could introgress into wild relative weed（ wild Brassica juncea）,fitness of the herbicide resistant fourth progeny of the third backcross generation,which derived from herbicide-resistant transgenic oilseed rape and wild Brassica juncea,was studied. The fitness components of BC3mF5R,BC3pF5 R and BC3mF5 L,BC3pF5L（ R and L denote herbicide resistant backcross progeny obtained with glyphosate-resistant and glufosinate-resistant transgenic oilseed rape respectively. m and p denoted herbicide resistant backcross progeny obtained with wild B. juncea as maternal plants and paternal plants respectively） between transgenic oilseed rape and wild B. juncea in field at low（ 15 plants per plot） and high density（ 30 plants per plot） under pure and mixed stands（ wild B. juncea∶ BC3F_5= 1∶1） were measured. The fitness components and composite fitness of herbicide resistant BC3F_5 was fit as wild B. juncea in pure stands under two densities and in mixed stands at low density. Under equal proportions at high density,BC3F_5 R had the similar fitness components and composite fitness to wild B. juncea. However,the main fitness components and composite fitness of BC3F_5 L was inferior to wild B. juncea. Correlation analysis showed that it was significant correlation between main fitness components of herbicide resistant BC3F_5 and planting density. Herbicide resistant BC3F_5 between glyphosate-or glufosinate-resistant transgenic oilseed rape and wild B. juncea had the strong survival ability. Moreover,the ecological risk of gene flow was higher from glyphosate-resistant transgenicoilseed rape than that from glufosinate-resistant transgenic oilseed rape. Therefore both initial hybrid from transgenic oilseed rape to wild B. juncea and backcross from wild B. juncea and F1 or subsequent generations should be prevented to avoid producing higher fitness backcross generation.

关 键 词：抗草甘膦转基因甘蓝型油菜(Brassica napus) 抗草丁膦转基因甘蓝型油菜 野芥菜 回交后代 适合度 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]