琼海话的定指量名短语及其特殊变调  

The Definite Classifier-Noun Phrase and its Special Tone Sandhi in Qionghai Dialect of Southern Min

作　　者：杨望龙 李旭平[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学汉语史研究中心,浙江杭州310028 [2]浙江大学中文系,浙江杭州310028 [3]浙江大学语言与认知研究中心,浙江杭州310028

出　　处：《语言科学》2018年第1期69-82,共14页Linguistic Sciences

基　　金：本文受教育部人文社科项目(14YJC40043)和浙江大学文科教师教学科研发展专项资助.

摘　　要：琼海话的量名短语表定指时不受语序或信息结构限制,而受语音条件限制,具体可分为两类:1)"普通量词+名词"表定指,量词前面的句法成分X要变读高调;2)通用量词"枚"加名词表定指,"枚"变读高调,即"m■^(33)>m■^(53)"。文章认为,普通量名表定指是"X+许+量+名"中的远指成分"许"弱化之后声调粘附在X上的结果,属于"准指示词型"量名结构;而定指量词"枚^(53)"从句法分布和语义特征来看,应该定性为类定冠词。The definite Classifier-Noun phrases are not subject to the restrictions of word order and infor-mation structure but to a special tone sandhi constraint in Qionghai dialect of Southern Min. When the Cl-N is interpreted as definite, the morpheme immediately preceding the classifier has to change its tone T to a tone of T＋5. We propose that this special tone sandhi of the pre-classifier element is attributed to the residue of the distal demonstrative 许,namely, definite Cl-N is derived from 许＋ Cl ＋ N by omitting the demonstrative. We further argue that with respect to its grammatical properties, definite classifiers in Qionghai Min are analyzed as quasi-demonstratives rather than quasi-definite articles. By contrast,when the classifier ^occursinaCl- N phrase,the tone of 枚 will change from 33 to 55,and it should be treated as quasi-definite article.

关 键 词：琼海话 变调 量名短语 定指 

分 类 号：H177[语言文字—汉语]