淬火低碳钢硬度、残余应力和微观组织间的关系  

Relationship among Hardness,Residual Stress and Microstructure of Quenching Low-carbon Steel

作　　者：黄惠茹[1,2] 李晓阳 张琳琳[1] 张亦良[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学机械工程与应用电子技术学院,北京100124 [2]北京城市学院城市建设学部,北京100083

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2017年第34期191-196,共6页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2012ZX04010-011)资助

摘　　要：为探索硬度法测量残余应力技术,基于金属材料硬度与残余应力、微观组织的相关性,针对45钢Φ150 mm×150 mm淬火试件,采用剥层法测试试样内部硬度、残余应力,观察微观金相,建立硬度和残余应力间的定量关系;并从微观角度分析了三者间的相关性机理。研究结果表明,残余应力大小和马氏体转变充分程度有关;马氏体转变越充分,残余应力压应力值越高。硬度和相的种类有关,马氏体相的硬度最高,混合组织硬度相比之下有所下降,内部珠光体+铁素体硬度维持在HRC20左右基本不变。等效残余应力和硬度变化量之间符合良好的幂函数关系。为硬度评价残余应力技术的实现提供了一个参考研究途径。To explore the method of assessing residual stress through hardness,hardness,residual stress and microstructure in a quenching test specimen（ Φ150 mm × 150 mm） were measured by layer removal method,and the correlation mechanism among them were analyzed. The results show that the value of residual stress is related to the sufficient degree of martensitic transformation： the more martensitic,the higher residual compress stress. Hardness relates to the phases of microstructure： the highest hardness is in the martensitic,the higher is in the mixed phase,and the hardness is round HRC 20 in the pearlite ＋ ferrite phase. The Mises residual stress shows a good power function relationship with harness.

关 键 词：应力场 硬度 残余应力 微观组织 剥层法 

分 类 号：TG161[金属学及工艺—热处理]