全球化时代的中心城市转型及其路径  

The Center City Transformation in the Era of Globalization and Its Path

作　　者：陈恒[1,2] 李文硕[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学人文与传播学院,上海200234 [2]教育部重点研究基地都市文化研究中心,上海200234

出　　处：《中国社会科学》2017年第12期72-93,共22页Social Sciences in China

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“20世纪世界城市化转型研究”(16ZDA139)阶段性成果

摘　　要：20世纪中期以后,发达经济体的中心城市普遍经历了经济结构和空间结构的双重转型:经济结构的去工业化即服务业取代制造业成为城市经济的支柱,以及空间结构的大都市区即涵括中心城市与郊区的大都市区取代城市成为城市化的主要形式。在这一过程中,中心城市在经济、社会等多方面陷入困境,城市危机深刻而严峻,一度被学术界认为难以挽回;但中心城市在大都市区内的核心地位并未丧失,并且从20世纪80年代中期开始呈现复兴势头,在经济、社会、文化等多个领域形成新的特征。但中心城市的复兴并非一帆风顺,其负面效应也日益显现,主要表现为经济领域的不均衡发展和收入差异、社会领域的阶层分化和政治领域的大都市区协同治理困境。本文从历史学的角度出发,在对过去进行发掘、重构和反思的基础上,梳理第二次世界大战至今中心城市从衰落到复兴的发展变迁,着重探求其动力机制、表征和影响,了解其所面临的挑战和应对措施,从中总结城市化的规律性认识。Since the mid-20th century,the center cities of developed economies have generally undergone a dual transformation of their economic and spatial structures.This includes the de-industrialization of their economic structures,or replacement of manufacturing industry by service industries as the mainstay of the urban economy,and the development toward metropolitan status of their spatial structures,i.e.,the emergence as the main form of urbanization of the replacement of center cities by metropolitan areas consisting of center cities and their suburbs.This process has plunged center cities into economic,social and other difficulties,in an urban crisis so profound that it was once thought irretrievable.However,center cities have not lost their core role in metropolitan areas.From the mid-80 s,they began to experience a revival,developing new economic,social and cultural features.Despite this,the revival of center cities has not been straight forward,and their negative effects are increasingly apparent.These are mainly manifested economically in terms of unbalanced economic development and income disparities;socially,in terms of social stratification;and politically,in terms of the difficulty of coordinating the governance of metropolitan areas.This article takes a historical approach,delving into,reconstructing and reflecting on the past from the Second World War on,so as to sort out the changing fortunes of center cities from decline to revival.We stress their motive forces,distinctive features and influence and study the challenges they face and the measures taken to deal with them,with a view to summing up the rules governing urbanization.

关 键 词：中心城市 去工业化 大都市区化 城市转型 城市复兴 

分 类 号：C912.81[经济管理]