灰霾污染和清洁过程中污染物垂直结构特征  

The Vertical Characteristics of Pollutants during Haze and Clear Stages

作　　者：王界 李亮[2] 孟晓艳[2] 潘本锋[2] 万学平 贾国山 

机构地区：[1]无锡中科光电技术有限公司,江苏无锡214135 [2]中国环境监测总站,国家环境保护环境监测质量控制重点实验室,北京100012 [3]兴义市环境保护局,贵州兴义562400

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2017年第6期146-152,共7页Environmental Monitoring in China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0200400,JFYS2016ZY01002708);2016年度留学人员科技活动项目;国家火炬计划(2014GH710703);江苏省科技成果转化专项资金(BA2015010)

摘　　要：针对无锡地区2013年11月6—13日经历的灰霾污染和清洁过程,采用地基遥感激光雷达对空气中的气溶胶颗粒物垂直分布进行垂直探测,发现污染时段气溶胶颗粒物主要积聚在1.8 km以下,消光系数的日均值统计表明,从近地面至高空1.5 km,颗粒物产生的峰值消光系数稳定在0.2 km^(-1);而清洁时段,由于垂直扩散条件改善,颗粒物随高度增加明显减少,1.5 km处的消光系数不足0.05 km^(-1)。同时发现污染时段中,近地面PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、碳黑(BC)的平均浓度分别是清洁时段的2.48、2.76、3.66倍;大气氧化剂(O3和NO_x的总和)平均值水平是清洁时段的1.73倍。气象条件分析发现,锋面的移动使大气水平、垂直对流运动加剧,污染物得以迅速扩散,空气质量转好,这也是此次污染清除的主要原因。For a haze-to-clear process in Wuxi city from Nov. 6 thto 13 th2013,the vertical aerosol distribution characteristics has been explored by particulate remote sensing LiDAR. The results showed that aerosol mainly stayed within 1. 8 km,and dailyaveraged extinction coefficient was always 0. 2 km^（-1） from ground level to 1. 5 km during haze episodes. But the aerosol was reduced along with altitude increasing in clear stage. The daily averaged extinction coefficient was below 0. 05 km^（-1） at 1. 5 km.The concentrations of PM_（10）,PM_（2.5） and black carbon（ BC） at ground during haze days have been proved 2. 48 times,2. 76 times and 3. 66 times as much as those in the clear stage. The mean concentration of oxidants in the air,O3＋ NO_x ,was 1. 73 times compared with that in the clear stage. It was a strong evidence of the urban atmospheric complex pollution. The analysis of meteorological conditions has showed that the rapid movement of cold-front from North to South gave rise to good diffusion situation in horizontal and vertical direction. It was the significant factor leading to the ＂ Good＂ air quality stage.

关 键 词：颗粒物激光雷达 垂直分布 消光系数 退偏振度 

分 类 号：X87[环境科学与工程—环境工程]