基于采伐剩余物的生物质固体燃料生态效益分析  

Eco-benefit Evaluation of Biomass Solid Fuel Based on Forest Cutting Residues

作　　者：周媛 郑丽凤 周新年 巫志龙 周成军 罗伟 林玥霏 

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学交通与土木工程学院,福州350002 [2]福建一建集团有限公司,福建三明365000 [3]福建省邵武市经济开发区管委会,福建邵武354000

出　　处：《森林工程》2018年第1期24-29,40,共7页Forest Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31070567);福建省自然科学基金项目(2013J01072);福建农林大学高水平大学建设项目(113-612014018)

摘　　要：以采伐剩余物为原料发展生物质固体燃料技术,能有效缓解我国林木质资源浪费和能源匮乏现象。采用简化LCA法和IPCC法,对以采伐剩余物为原料的生物质固体燃料技术应用,从收集直至转化为可利用能源的全过程生态效益进行评价。结果表明:采伐剩余物在生物质发电过程产生的总碳排放为0.82 t/hm2,碳汇为17.55 t/hm2,净碳为16.73 t/hm2,净固定CO2为61.38 t/hm2,表现出"碳汇功能";产生碳排放最多的是加工成型阶段,占总碳排放的68.97%;其次是燃料使用阶段,占14.94%;运输阶段受运距影响,在原材料运距20 km产生的碳排放占5.57%;成品运距30 km,产生的碳排放占7.21%;人工收集阶段产生的碳排放最少,占3.31%。能量效率为0.032,转化效率较高。从生态效益角度来看,生物质固体成型燃料技术具有较大的优势。The development of biomass solid fuel technology using forest cutting residues as raw materials can effectively relieve the waste of forest resources and energy shortage in China. The eco-benefit evaluation of forest residues biomass fuels, from collecting into available energy, was conducted using simplify LG A method and IPGG method. The results indicate that, carbon emission of the utilization of biomass solid fuels is 0. 82 t/hm2 , carbon sequestration is 17. 55 t/hm2 , net carbon is 16. 73 t/hm2 , net carbon dioxide is 61. 38 t/hm2 , which reflect carbon sequestration function. The most carbon emission is the processing stage, accounting for 68. 97% of the total carbon emission, followed by the fuel use stage, accounting for 14. 94% . The transportation stage is affected by the distance of transportation, accounting for 5. 57% of the total carbon emissions of 20km of raw materials; the distance of finished products is 30 km and the carbon emission is 7.21%. The least carbon emission appeared at the artificial collecting, with only 3. 31% . The energy efficiency is 0. 032, and the conversion efficiency is high. From the point of view of ecological benefit, biomass solid fuel has great advantages.

关 键 词：环境学 采伐剩余物 生物质固体燃料 生态效益 碳汇 

分 类 号：S792[农业科学—林木遗传育种] F326.2[农业科学—林学]