农业技术评价指标选取及指标体系构建  

Selection of Agricultural Technology Evaluation Index and Index System Construction

作　　者：尼雪妹 王艳[2] 王娜娜[1] 潘亚茹[1] 李宁辉[2] 罗良国[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业清洁流域创新团队/农业部农业环境重点实验室/中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京100081 [2]中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《农业展望》2017年第12期65-71,共7页Agricultural Outlook

基　　金："十三五"国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0201306);中国农业科学院农业清洁流域创新工程

摘　　要：农业的可持续发展离不开先进、适用、可操作的农业技术的普及应用,但众多农业技术各有其优缺点,科学地评价以优选出最适技术进行推广就变得越来越重要,而合理选取评价指标和构建评价指标体系是正确评价各项农业技术的关键。在综述国内外各项农业技术评价选取指标原则和选取范围的基础上,进一步围绕指标体系构建涉及指标初选、指标优化与完善和指标验证以及指标权重赋值方法优缺点进行全面系统的分析研究,并提出未来中国农业技术评价研究应强化关注的重点:评价指标体系的构建必须充分考虑不同技术本身的特点、技术应用的作物对象、技术应用潜在环境经济社会效果、区域环境禀赋以及相关配套管理政策的差异性;在指标权重确定过程中,要充分发挥主客观赋权法各自拥有的优势并避开其不足;注重评价方法的普适性和评价结果的可对比性,真正为先进、适用、易操作、可复制农业技术的全面推广应用提供科技支撑。Sustainable development in agriculture depends on the application of advanced, applicable and operational agricultural technologies. While different technologies have various advantages and disadvantages, it is of particular significant to choose the most appropriate technology to promote in practices. Thus, selecting reasonable indexes and establishing evaluation index system are critical to evaluate agricultural technology correctly. Based on reviewing index choice principle and scope ofagricul^tral technology evaluation at home and abroad, index system establishment involving in indexes＇ initial select, optimization and improvement, validation and the advantages and disadvantages of the index weight assignment method were further analyzed. Finally, recommendations regarding to the future agricultural technology evaluation in China were proposed as follow： the construction of evaluation index system should fully consider the characteristics of different technology itself, applied crops, potential effects of economics, environment and society, and the differences in regional environment endowment and related management policies; index weight assignment should combine with the subjective and objective method; the universality of the evaluation method and the comparability of evaluation results should be paid more attention to, so as to give the scientific support for full promotion and popularization of truly advanced, suitable, easy to operate, replicable agricultural technology.

关 键 词：农业技术 效果评价 指标选取 指标体系 

分 类 号：F323.3[经济管理—产业经济]