高黎贡山特有种子植物丰富度的分布格局及其生态原因  

Distribution Pattern and Ecological Reasons of the Richness of the Gaoligong Mountains Endemic Seed Plants

作　　者：李恒[1] 李新辉[2] 杨珺[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院昆明植物研究所,云南昆明650201 [2]西南林业大学,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2017年第A02期58-65,共8页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：本文以及相关研究得到了以下基金的支持.美国国家自然科学基金(Grant : DEB-0103795)%美国地理学会基金(GRANT :6578-99)%美国地理学会基金(GRANT :6011-97)%云南省科委基础研究基金、美国加里佛尼亚科学院(GRANT : 6011-97)%中国国家自然科学基金%中国国家自然科学基金委国际合作局和英国爱丁堡植物园%美国麦克阿瑟基金会,在此一并致以以上基金诚挚的感谢.

摘　　要：高黎贡山特有种是指仅在高黎贡山地区境内自然生长的物种.高黎贡山的特有种子植物382种,其丰富度高于国内任何相同等级的自然地理区域.本文研究了高黎贡山特有种的物种组成,并联系气候因素分析特有种丰富度的经纬度变化和垂直变化规律.研究结果表明,在高黎贡山境内,特有种的丰富度与气候因素,特别是与降水量的大小密切相关.高黎贡山特有种丰富度最高值（116种,是高黎贡山特有种382种的30.37%）出现在海拔2 000-2 100m降水丰富的山地常绿阔叶林地带,高黎贡山北部贡山县的特有种（86种,降水量1 964mm,贡山县茨开镇）多于南部的腾冲和保山[40种,降水量1 505mm（腾冲县）至754.1mm（保山潞江坝）],高黎贡山西坡（独龙江、片马、腾冲）的特有种（147种）多于东波的贡山县、福贡县、泸水县和保山的高黎贡山东坡地区（110种）.总之,高黎贡山特有种的丰富度随着年降水量的增加而增加.The Gaoligong Mountains endemic species refer to the species only distributed in Gaoligong Mountains in their nature distribution area. There are 382 Gaoligong Mountains endemic species in this area, and higher than any nature area with same grade in China. The richness of Gaoligong Mountains endemic species is highly related to the climate factors, especially closely related to the precipitation. The elevation band with largest number of Gaoligong Mountains endemic species is 2 000-2 100m （contains 116 species, occupied a percentage of 30.37%）, where dominated by montane evergreen broad-leaf forest with abundant rainfall. There were 86 endemic species in Gongshan county with rainfall of 1964 mm in north part of Gaoligong Mountains, which was much higher than the number of endemic species in Tengchong county and Baoshan city （40 endemic species with rainfall of 1 505mm in tengchong county and with rainfall of 751.4mm in Lujiangba of Baochan）. There were 147 endemic seed plants in the west side of Gaoligong Mountains （Dulong river, Pianma, Tengchong county）, higher than the east side with 110 endemic seed plants （Gongshan county, Fugong county, Lushui county and Baoshan city）. In conclusion, the richness of endemic seed plants to Gaoligong Mountains always increased with the increasing of precipitation.

关 键 词：高黎贡山 特有种 分布格局 降雨量 

分 类 号：S966.16[农业科学—水产养殖]