马尾松低效人工林不同改造模式下降雨及产流特征  

Rainfall and runoff in low efficiency Pinus massoniana forests with different silvicultural prescriptions

作　　者：张海涛[1] 宫渊波[1] 付万权 陈耀嘉 徐云岩 崔亚潇 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学长江上游林业生态工程四川省重点实验室,四川成都611130 [2]四川省泸州市水务局水利管理站,四川泸州646000

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2018年第1期29-34,共6页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划重大项目(2011BAC09B05);四川省高校水土保持与荒漠化防治重点实验室建设项目

摘　　要：为探究马尾松Pinus massoniana低效人工林不同模式改造初期降雨及地表径流特征,以四川省高县来复镇5个相邻径流小区内的马尾松低效人工林为研究对象,采用林下补植樟树Cinnamomum camphora(Ⅱ号小区)、马尾松皆伐后更新樟树(Ⅲ号小区和Ⅳ号小区)、马尾松皆伐后第2年更新樟树(Ⅴ号小区)3种不同林下更新改造方式以及马尾松纯林为对照(Ⅰ号小区),分析降雨量、不同改造模式产流量以及它们之间的关系。结果表明:研究区降雨主要集中于每年6-9月。在低效林改造初期2.5 a内,24 h累计最大降雨量为93.6 mm,最小产流降雨量6.9 mm;最大产流量3.002 0 m3,最小产流量0.006 4 m3。5个径流小区在小雨条件下几乎无地表径流产生,平均单次产流量大小排序为Ⅲ号小区>Ⅳ号小区>Ⅴ号小区>Ⅱ号小区>Ⅰ号小区,与受人为干扰强度一致;2014年下半年径流系数比2012年下半年分别下降29.36%,26.30%,47.37%,41.54%和43.97%。对降雨量与径流量进行相关性分析表明,其相关系数均大于0.905。3个皆伐径流小区在改造初期对地表径流的减滞效果更为明显。To determine characteristics of rainfall and runoff with differing initial silvicultural prescriptions for a low efficiency Pinus massoniana forest, five adjacent runoff areas of Gaoxian County were studied. Five silvicultural prescriptions： Cinnamomum camphora planted under a P. massoniana forest（Ⅱ）, C. camphora planted after clear cutting P. massoniana（Ⅲ, Ⅳ）, C. camphora planted the second year after clear cutting P. massoniana（Ⅴ）, and a P. massoniana forest as a control（I） were used to analyze rainfall, different modes of flow,and the relationship between them using a correlation analysis. Results showed that total rainfall each year was mostly concentrated from June to September. In a 24 h period, the maximum rainfall was 93.6 mm, and the minimum runoff rainfall was 6.9 mm. The maximum runoff volume was 3.002 0 m^3, and the minimum was 0.006 4 m^3. For the five runoff plots, with light rain almost no surface runoff was found with the average single runoff ranked in the order of Ⅲ〉Ⅳ〉Ⅴ〉Ⅱ〉Ⅰ. This was consistent with the human disturbance intensity. Compared to the second half of 2012, the runoff coefficient in the second half of 2014 for runoff areas Ⅰ-Ⅴ decreased 29.36%, 26.30%, 47.37%, 41.54%, 43.97%. The correlation analysis for rainfall and runoff showed that the correlation coefficient between them were more than 0.905. Thus, the result of the three clear cut runoff areas on surface runoff was better at the initial stage of reconstruction.

关 键 词：森林水文学 低效人工林改造 降雨 产流量 径流系数 

分 类 号：S715[农业科学—林学]