宋代边防立法考述——以军法为中心  

Research on the Legislation of Frontier Defence of the Song Dynasty: Centering on Military Laws

作　　者：张明[1] ZHANG Ming(School of History,Northwest University,Xi'an 710069,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学历史学院,陕西西安710069

出　　处：《西北大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2018年第1期21-26,共6页Journal of Northwest University：Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：陕西省社科基金项目(12H028);陕西省教育厅专项科研项目(16JK1726)

摘　　要：宋代是一个民族矛盾极其尖锐复杂的历史时期。基于边区庞大的驻军数量和复杂的军政环境,统治者高度重视边防法制建设。其中包括严禁边将擅自发兵,严禁边将私置亲兵,严控官设亲兵数量,严惩边将擅离职守诸禁律,在稳定边区军政局势上发挥了一定的积极作用;从重量刑的边境士兵逃亡法,则是管治边防军队最重要的军法。但在军事司法实践中,边将的执法权力却被过多剥夺。以军法为中心解读宋代边防立法的用意,可见统治者竭力维护边区安定,规避与周边少数民族政权产生事端的良苦用心。这也是宋代"守内虚外"国防理念的写照。The Song Dynasty was a historical period when national contradiction was extremely incisive and complicated. Owing to the huge quantities of garrisons in borderland areas and complex military-political environment,the dominator paid high attention to the legal construction of frontier defence based on military laws: prohibit frontier generals from mobilizing army without authorization; prohibit frontier generals from forming their own private troops without permission; keep tight control over the quantities of generals' statutory private troops; Punish general who was absent from his post without leave. The series of laws mentioned above played an active role in stabilizing military-political situation in borderland areas. The legal regulation that stipulated heavier-sentence principle on those soldiers who fled privately from borderland areas to evade their responsibilities,was the most important military law to govern the frontier guards. However,in the juridical practice of military laws,frontier generals usually suffered from deprivation of enforcement powers. Centering on military laws,by unscrambling the intention of the legislation of frontier defence of the Song Dynasty,we could find out the dominator's mature consideration and strong determination in maintaining stability of borderland areas and avoiding conflict with bordering minority regimes. And that was also one kind of reflex and concept of the defence strategy of "adherence to domestic and virtual to foreign"of the Song Dynasty.

关 键 词：宋代 边防 军法 

分 类 号：K244[历史地理—历史学] E291[历史地理—中国史]