砂糖橘以梢控梢对坐果的影响及效益分析  

The fruit setting and cost analysis of summer shoots control with other shoots in ‘Shatangju' mandarin

作　　者：吴文[1] 曾继吾[1] 张瑞敏 朱从一 黄永敬[1] 马培恰[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院果树研究所/农业部南亚热带果树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室,广东广州510640

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2017年第9期36-40,共5页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2014A020208058;2017A020225014);国家现代农业(柑橘)产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-27);广东省科技厅产学研合作项目(2014B090908016;2015B090906025;2016B090923013)

摘　　要：以6年生砂糖橘(Citrus reticulata Blanco)结果树为对象,研究了幼果期"以梢控梢"保果对其坐果、果实品质等的影响及其综合效益分析。结果表明,与传统的人工抹梢保果方式(CK)相比,在树冠顶部保留适量夏梢生长,可显著抑制树体中下部夏梢的抽生,从而达到高效、节本保果目的。从3个"以梢控梢"保果处理的综合表现可知,按每1 m^2树冠投影面积保留10条夏梢的保果方法,夏季树体夏梢抽生数量比对照下降93.6%,座果率、平均单株产量分别提高6.95%和10.3%,保果成本下降66.1%,且果实品质优良,是砂糖橘高效节本保果的最佳方案。Six-year-old mature trees of ‘Shatangju' mandarin(Citrus reticulata Blanco) were used to investigate the fruit retention influence of summer shoots control with other shoot growth in summer,and the comprehensive benefit was also analyzed. Compared with traditional manually removing shoot to control fruitlet abscission(CK),the reservation of suitable summer shoot on the top canopy,can significantly inhibit the emergence of other summer shoots in the middle-lower part of trees,and the purpose of high efficient and cost-cutting can also be realized. Among these three summer shoots control with other shoot growth treatments,the preservation of ten summer shoots per square metre of crow projected area was the optimum scheme for fruit setting of citrus ‘Shatangju' with high efficiency and low cost. Compared with the control,the amount of summer shoots reduced by 93.6%,the rate of fruit setting and the average yield of single plant increased respectively by 6.95% and 10.3%,and the cost of fruit setting reduced by 66.1%.

关 键 词：砂糖橘 以梢控梢 座果率 成本 

分 类 号：S666.2[农业科学—果树学]