基于液压马达集中驱动的玉米免耕播种机设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of a No-tillage Corn Planter Centralized Driven by Hydraulic Motor

作　　者：杨壮[1] 高琪珉 张银平[1] 刁培松[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院,山东淄博255049

出　　处：《农机化研究》2018年第3期248-253,共6页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：山东省农机装备研发创新计划项目(2015NJGG110);山东省自主创新及成果转化专项计划智能玉米免耕播种装备研制及示范项目(2015ZDZX10003);山东省现代农业产业技术体系玉米机械岗位专家项目(2016-2020)

摘　　要：针对不同品种玉米对粒距的农艺要求,为克服现有播种机有级调节粒距连续性及地轮驱动粒距均匀性差的问题,研制基于液压马达集中驱动的排种、排肥新型驱动方式,实现粒距无级调节。研究基于导航测速的液压马达转速自适应系统及基于速度反馈的液压马达转速自动补偿系统,实现了液压马达转速与机具前进速度的精确匹配,保证了粒距均匀一致。在此基础上,设计了适宜黄淮海两熟区的玉米免耕播种机,并进行试验。结果表明:在秸秆覆盖量>40%的条件下,机器通过性好,粒距均匀性合格率≥95%,播种深度、施肥深度及种肥间距合格率分别为88.82%、90.32%、90.17%,邻接行距误差为2.8cm/100m,符合设计要求。Seed spacing is different for different corn varieties and uniform seed spacing could improve the yield. However,the seeding apparatus were almost driven by a gearbox through a land wheel which resulted in the seed spacing was discrete and not uniform. In order to overcome this problem,a seeder driven by hydraulic motor was designed. To ensure the same seed spacing of different rows,the seeding apparatus and fertilizing apparatus were centralized driven by a centralized hydraulic motor. In addition,a speed self-adaption system base on Beidou navigation system and a speed self-compensation system based on feedback algorithm,which could keep the speed of hydraulic motor match the speed of tractor and keep the seed spacing didn＇t change as the tractor go forward in different speed,were developed. And then a no-tillage seeder that suitable corn-wheat double cropping area was designed and tested in the field. The results show that in the conditions of the straw cover content was 40%,the passing ability of the seeder is good,the seed spacing percent of pass is no less than 95%,sowing and fertilization depth percent of pass and distance between seed and fertilizer percent of pass were 88. 82%,90. 32% and 90. 17%,error of adjacent row spacing between two planting trip is 2.8cm/100 m,satisfied the design requirements.

关 键 词：播种机 粒距 液压马达驱动 导航测速 

分 类 号：S226.26[农业科学—农业机械化工程]