油菜茎秆切割试验研究  

Experimental Study on Cutting of Rape Salks

作　　者：伍文杰 吴崇友[1] 江涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部南京农业机械化研究所,南京210014

出　　处：《农机化研究》2018年第6期145-149,共5页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0702100-1)

摘　　要：为了探究油菜茎秆切割时的力学特性参数,研究了茎秆剪切力与茎秆直径与剪切速度的关系,并采用INSTRON电子万能材料试验机对油菜茎秆剪切力学性能进行了试验研究,测定了成熟收获期青杂5号和青杂7号两个品种油菜茎秆在不同高度、不同直径和不同加载速度下剪切力大小。结果表明:青杂5号和青杂7号油菜茎秆在相同加载速度下的剪切力有显著差异;同一品种、不同高度油菜茎秆在相同切割速度下所受剪切力无显著差异;油菜茎秆的直径大小与剪切力大小呈正相关,剪切力随茎秆直径的增大而增大;油菜茎秆所受剪切力整体上随着割刀加载速度的增加而减小。试验结果可为油菜收获提供理论依据和指导。Rape is one of the main oil crops in China which is planted widely. Working efficiency of rape harvest is low in many areas. And it often rains during harvesting working especially in the main producing areas in Yangtze River Basin. So mechanical harvesting is necessary to save time. Rape cutting as the first step is an important part for harvest.The vibration of the cutter can cause loss of shattering while cutting,which has impact to total loss. And the choice of height position can affect the cutting energy consumption. Therefore,it is particularly important to understand the mechanical properties of rape stalks for effective control shattering loss and cutter optimization. It can also provide data for system dynamics simulations of cutting. In order to explore the cutting mechanical parameters of rape stalk and look for the connection between stem shear force and stem diameter,shear velocity,We used INSTRON electronic universal testing machine to study the shear mechanical properties of rape stalk. The shear force of two varieties of rape stalk,Qingza 5 and Qingza 7,at different height position,different diameter size and different loading speed were measured in this experiment. The experiment used simple shear test. Rape harvester cutter was clamped in the universal testing machine and the gap between cutter and pedestal was controlled in less than 1mm. Rape stalk was put on the pedestal and it was perpendicular to the cutter. The stalk was cut at the midpoint with different loading speed,600mm/min,800 mm/min and 1000 mm/min,then get load-displacement curve. We measured moisture content of the stalk by oven drying method after shear test immediately. The average moisture content of Qingza 5 is 85. 09% while Qingza 7 is 76. 28%. The results indicate that variety have an effect on the shear force. There were significant differences in shearing force between Qingza 5 rape stalk and Qingza 7 rape stalk at the same loading speed. There was no significant difference in shearing force of the different height positi

关 键 词：油菜茎秆 切割 剪切力 力学性能 

分 类 号：S183[农业科学—农业基础科学]