先天性肛门直肠畸形患儿延续护理照顾者需求及影响因素分析  

Analysis of transitional care needs in children with congenital anorectal malformation and its influencing factors

作　　者：刘晓然[1] 胡丽君[1] 邓世蓉[1] 曹凤先 胡雯[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属儿童医院胃肠新生儿外科,儿童发育疾病研究教育部重点实验室,儿童发育重大疾病国家国际科技合作基地,儿科学重庆市重点实验室,重庆市400014

出　　处：《中国护理管理》2018年第1期98-103,共6页Chinese Nursing Management

基　　金：2015年重庆市卫生和计划生育委员会医学科研计划重点项目(2015ZDXM015);2013-2014年度国家临床重点专科建设项目(临床护理)[国卫办医函[2013]544号]

摘　　要：目的:调查先天性肛门直肠畸形(ARM)患儿延续护理服务需求情况,并对其相关影响因素进行分析,为制定延续护理方案提供依据。方法:采用方便抽样法,选取2015年12月至2016年7月于重庆医科大学附属儿童医院胃肠新生儿外科就诊且符合纳入条件的195例ARM患儿,采用自设问卷进行延续护理需求调查分析。结果:ARM患儿延续护理需求度较高,总需求均分为(4.07±0.45)分;主要照顾者文化程度、主要照顾者与患儿关系、患儿父母职业、疾病分型、手术术式对ARM患儿延续护理需求度各维度及综合得分,经检验均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经多元逐步回归分析,主要照顾者文化程度、疾病分型、手术术式、患儿父母职业对ARM患儿延续护理需求有影响。结论:针对ARM患儿延续护理各维度的主要影响因素,从肠道综合管理、肛门功能康复促进、疾病健康管理等方面着手,综合考虑ARM患儿延续护理需求的各影响因素,制定有效的延续护理方案,可预防ARM患儿术后并发症,提高患儿及家庭生活质量。Objective： To investigate the transitional care needs in children with congenital anorectal malformation （ARM）, and to discuss the relevant influencing factors, so as to provide evidence for the development of transitional care program. Methods： Totally： 195 ARM children were recruited in Children＇s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from December 2015 to July 2016 by convenience sampling methods. We investigated and analyzed the transitional care needs using the self-designed questionnaire. Results： Transitional care needs in children with ARM were high; the average score of total needs was （4.07±0.45）. The score of each dimension of transitional care needs and the total score had significant differences in different education level of main caregivers, relationship between main caregivers and the child, parents＇ occupation, disease classification and disease course （P〈0.05）. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the main caregivers＇ education level, disease classification, disease course and parents＇ occupation had influence on the transitional care needs in children with ARM. Conclusion： Main influencing factors of each dimension of the transitional care needs in children with ARM should be analyzed comprehensively. At the same time, interventions should be taken from the aspects of the comprehensive management of intestinal tract, anus function recovery promotion and health management, considering all the influencing factors on the transitional care needs in children with ARM, to establish effective transitional care plan, prevent complications and improve the quality of life of children and family.

关 键 词：肛门直肠畸形 延续护理 需求 影响因素 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]