成都市温江区城市绿地不同植物配置下中小型土壤动物群落特征  

Characteristics of meso-micro soil fauna community under different plant configurations of urban green land in Wenjiang District of Chengdu City

作　　者：黄玉梅[1] 黄胜岚[1] 张健[2] 刘盼[1] 张凯 王若然 熊茜 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学风景园林学院,成都611130 [2]四川农业大学林学院,成都611130

出　　处：《中国科学院大学学报（中英文）》2018年第1期33-41,共9页Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31370628);四川省教育厅重点项目(16ZA0031);四川景观与游憩研究中心项目(JGYQ201428)资助

摘　　要：土壤动物参与自然界的物质循环和能量流动,是土壤肥力的生物学指标之一。研究城市绿地土壤动物群落特征对于客观、全面评价城市绿地生态功能具有重要意义。采用干湿漏斗法对温江区城市绿地4种植物配置下中小型土壤动物的群落特征进行研究。结果如下:4种植物配置共获得中小型土壤动物20 600只,分属19目45科;伪垫刃科和小杆总科为4种植物配置的优势类群;春夏秋3季中小型土壤动物的类群数和个体密度均以草坪高于其他3种植物配置方式,而秋末到整个冬季则以乔-灌-草最高;各种植物配置下,中小型土壤动物个体密度具显著差异(F=3.23,P<0.05),中小型土壤动物优势度指数C及均匀性指数J具极显著差异(F=7.48,P<0.01;F=6.13,P<0.01);各种植物配置下,中小型土壤动物各功能团的类群数和个体数均为腐食性>捕食性>植食性>杂食性,蜱螨目与弹尾目数量比随时间表现出不同的规律,冬、春季起伏较大,夏、秋季相对平稳。研究表明,城市绿地生态系统中,气候和植物配置是影响土壤动物群落结构的重要因素。在水热条件较差的冬季,复杂的植物配置提供了更丰富的食物和更多样的生境,往往具有更高的土壤动物多样性。An investigation on meso-micro soil fauna community structure was carried out under 4 plant configurations of urban green lands in Wenjiang District of Chengdu City.A total of 20 600 individuals of meso-micro soil fauna were obtained in different green lands,belonging to 19 orders and 45 families.Nothotylenchidae and Rhabditoidea were the dominant groups under 4 plant configurations.The number of groups and individual density of meso-micro soil fauna under lawn were higher than under the other 3 plant configurations in spring,summer,and autumn,while from autumn to winter they were higher under tree-shrub-grass land than under the other 3 plant configurations.The individual density of meso-micro soil fauna showed significant differences（F=3.23,P〈0.05）among different plant configurations,and the C and J indexes of meso-micro soil fauna showed highly significant differences（F=7.48,P〈0.01 for C;F=6.13,P〈0.01 for J）.The rank of groups and individual quantities of meso-micro soil fauna was saprozoiepredatorsphytophageomnivorous.The ratio of Acarina number to Collembola number changed with time,and it fluctuated more in winter and spring.

关 键 词：城市绿地 植物配置 土壤动物 季节动态 

分 类 号：S154.1[农业科学—土壤学]